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The Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Is Expressed on Dendritic Cells during Differentiation and Regulates Their Expansion¹

Kelli P. A. MacDonald^2,*, Vanessa Rowe^*, Helen M. Bofinger^*, Ranjeny Thomas, Tedjo Sasmono, David A. Hume and Geoffrey R. Hill^*

^* Bone Marrow Transplantation Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Immunology and Cancer Research, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba Queensland, Australia; and Cooperative Research Centre for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases and Australian Research Council Special Research Centre for Functional Applied Genomics, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia

The lineage of dendritic cells (DC), and in particular their relationship to monocytes and macrophages, remains obscure. Furthermore, the requirement for the macrophage growth factor CSF-1 during DC homeostasis is unclear. Using a transgenic mouse in which the promoter for the CSF-1R (c-fms) directs the expression of enhanced GFP in cells of the myeloid lineage, we determined that although the c-fms promoter is inactive in DC precursors, it is up-regulated in all DC subsets during differentiation. Furthermore, plasmacytoid DC and all CD11c^high DC subsets are reduced by 50–70% in CSF-1-deficient osteopetrotic mice, confirming that CSF-1 signaling is required for the optimal differentiation of DC in vivo. These data provide additional evidence that the majority of tissue DC is of myeloid origin during steady state and supports a close relationship between DC and macrophage biology in vivo.

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