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Levels through Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase and Protein Kinase C Pathway Activation1
Departments of*
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Pediatrics, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Molecular Biology Institute, California NanoSystems Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, and Institute for Cell Mimetic Studies, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; and Department of Hematopathology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
A signaling role for T cell leukemia-1 (TCL1) during T cell development or in premalignant T cell expansions and mature T cell tumors is unknown. In this study, TCL1 is shown to regulate the growth and survival of peripheral T cells but not precursor thymocytes. Proliferation is increased by TCL1-induced lowering of the TCR threshold for CD4+ and CD8+ T cell activation through both PI3K-Akt and protein kinase C-MAPK-ERK signaling pathways. This effect is submaximal as CD28 costimulation coupled to TCL1 expression additively accelerates dose-dependent T cell growth. In addition to its role in T cell proliferation, TCL1 also increases IFN-
levels from Th1-differentiated T cells, an effect that may provide a survival advantage during premalignant T cell expansions and in clonal T cell tumors. Combined, these data indicate a role for TCL1 control of growth and effector T cell functions, paralleling features provided by TCR-CD28 costimulation. These results also provide a more detailed mechanism for TCL1-augmented signaling and help explain the delayed occurrence of mature T cell expansions and leukemias despite tumorigenic TCL1 dysregulation that begins in early thymocytes.
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