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The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 175: 720-729.
Copyright © 2005 by The American Association of Immunologists

Systemic NKG2D Down-Regulation Impairs NK and CD8 T Cell Responses In Vivo1

Katrin Wiemann*, Hans-Willi Mittrücker{dagger}, Ute Feger*, Stefan A. Welte*, Wayne M. Yokoyama{ddagger}, Thomas Spies§, Hans-Georg Rammensee* and Alexander Steinle2,*

* Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; {dagger} Department of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany; {ddagger} Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine and Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110; and § Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Clinical Research Division, Seattle, WA 98109

The immunoreceptor NKG2D stimulates activation of cytotoxic lymphocytes upon engagement with MHC class I-related NKG2D ligands of which at least some are expressed inducibly upon exposure to carcinogens, cell stress, or viruses. In this study, we investigated consequences of a persistent NKG2D ligand expression in vivo by using transgenic mice expressing MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) under control of the H2-Kb promoter. Although MICA functions as a potent activating ligand of mouse NKG2D, H2-Kb-MICA mice appear healthy without aberrations in lymphocyte subsets. However, NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity of H2-Kb-MICA NK cells is severely impaired in vitro and in vivo. This deficiency concurs with a pronounced down-regulation of surface NKG2D that is also seen on activated CD8 T cells. As a consequence, H2-Kb-MICA mice fail to reject MICA-expressing tumors and to mount normal CD8 T cell responses upon Listeria infection emphasizing the importance of NKG2D in immunity against tumors and intracellular infectious agents.




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