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CXCR5-Dependent Seeding of Follicular Niches by B and Th Cells Augments Antiviral B Cell Responses¹

Tobias Junt^2,*, Katja Fink^2,*, Reinhold Förster, Beatrice Senn^3,*, Martin Lipp^¶, Masamichi Muramatsu, Rolf M. Zinkernagel^*, Burkhard Ludewig^2,4, and Hans Hengartner^2,*

^* Institute of Experimental Immunology, Zürich, Switzerland; Hannover Medical School, Institute of Immunology, Hannover, Germany; Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Research Department, Kantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; and ^¶ Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany

The chemokine receptor CXCR5 and its ligand CXCL13 define the structure of B cell follicles within secondary lymphoid organs. Here, we examined the impact of CXCR5 on antiviral B cell responses in vivo. CXCR5^–/– mice showed a normal production of IgM and IgG acutely after infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and developed VSV-specific germinal centers. However, impaired Ig class switch and Ab production were observed under conditions of limited availability of Ag (i.e., after immunization with nonreplicating viral particles or soluble Ag). Adoptive transfer of CXCR5-deficient, VSV-specific B and Th cells demonstrated that CXCR5 expression on both B and Th cells is required for an efficient Ig class switch. These experiments revealed that CXCR5 is critical for the coordinated interaction of antiviral T and B cells through its impact on initial B cell expansion and the recruitment of Ag-specific B and Th cells to germinal centers.

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