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BRIEF REVIEWS |
* Department of Hematology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy;
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8147, Université Paris V René Descartes, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France; and
Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
In recent years, several investigators have unraveled a previously unrecognized role for G-CSF in the regulation of T cell and dendritic cell functions. The experimental evidence in favor of G-CSF-mediated immune regulation includes the ability to switch T cell cytokine secretion profile to Th2 responses and the promotion of regulatory T cell and tolerogenic dendritic cell differentiation. Interestingly, G-CSF is beneficial in animals for the prevention and/or treatment of immune-mediated diseases, e.g., graft-vs-host disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes, suggesting a potential role in human autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the growing body of evidence that supports a critical role for G-CSF as a novel mediator of T cell tolerance.
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