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to the Surface of Mouse Neutrophils Transforming Them into Inducers of High-Level Dendritic Cell TNF-
Production1
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
Neutrophils play a critical role in early immunity to many microbial pathogens, and this may in part be due to their ability to release immunoregulatory cytokines and chemokines during infection. Here, we demonstrate by flow cytometric analysis that mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) up-regulate surface expression of TNF-
within 10 min of stimulation with LPS, and that this is followed by gradual loss over a period of 18 h. Early increases in surface TNF-
expression correlated with loss of intracellular pools of preformed TNF-
. Nevertheless, extended incubation with LPS resulted in increased levels of TNF-
mRNA synthesis and replenishment of intracellular cytokine. After triggering with LPS, PMN acquired the ability to induce dendritic cell (DC) TNF-
and IL-12 production. Transwell assays demonstrated that high-level DC TNF-
production induced by LPS-triggered neutrophils was dependent upon cell-to-cell contact and neutrophil TNF-
, but neither was required for neutrophil instruction of DC IL-12 synthesis. The data suggest that microbial Ag-triggered mouse PMN acquire the capacity to deliver potent DC-activating signals through elaboration of cytokines and direct interactions at the cell surface.
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