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* Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel;
Department of Gastroenterology, E. Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel; and
Department of Internal Medicine D, Assaf Harofe, Zerifin, and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Extracellular heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) has been considered a proinflammatory danger signal. Yet, HSP60 can also down-regulate experimental immune arthritis and diabetes models by specific inhibition of Th1-like responses. We now report that HSP60 in vitro differentially modulates the expression of Th1/Th2 transcription factors in human T cells: HSP60 down-regulates T-bet, NF-
B, and NFATp and up-regulates GATA-3, leading to decreased secretion of TNF-
and IFN-
and enhanced secretion of IL-10. These effects depended on TLR2 signaling and could not be attributed to LPS or to other contaminants. In BALB/c mice, HSP60 in vivo inhibited the clinical, histological, and serological manifestations of Con A-induced hepatitis associated with up-regulated T cell expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and GATA-3 and down-regulated T-bet expression. These results provide a molecular explanation for the effects of HSP60 treatment on T cell inflammation via innate regulation of the inflammatory response.
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