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The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 2787-2795.
Copyright © 2005 by The American Association of Immunologists

Generation of Antigen-Specific, Foxp3-Expressing CD4+ Regulatory T Cells by Inhibition of APC Proteosome Function1

Yingzi Cong*, Astrid Konrad*, Nuzhat Iqbal*, Robin D. Hatton{dagger}, Casey T. Weaver{dagger} and Charles O. Elson2,*

* Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and {dagger} Department of Pathology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294

We tested the hypothesis that immature APC, whose NF-{kappa}B-signaling pathway and thus maturation was blocked by the proteosome inhibitor benzyloxycarbonyl-isoleucyl-glutamyl(O-tert-butyl)-alanyl-leucinal (PSI), could be a source of Ag-specific regulatory T (Treg) cells. DO11.10 CD4+ T cells that were incubated with Ag- and PSI-pulsed APC proliferated poorly, produced less IL-2, IFN-{gamma}, and IL-10 in secondary cultures, and inhibited the response of both naive and memory CD4+ T cells stimulated by Ag-pulsed APC. The generation of PSI-APC Treg cells required IL-10 production by APC. PSI-APC Treg cell inhibition required cell-cell contact but not IL-10 or TGF-{beta}. Addition of IL-2 did not reverse, but Ab to CTLA-4 did reverse partially the inhibitory effect. Depletion of CD25+ T cells before initial culture with PSI-APC did not affect Treg generation. PSI-APC Treg cells expressed high levels of Foxp3, inhibited proliferation of naive DO11.10 T cells in vivo, and abrogated colitis driven by a memory Th1 response to bacterial-associated Ag. We conclude that NF-{kappa}B-blocked, immature APC are able to induce the differentiation of Treg cells that can function in vitro and in vivo in an Ag-specific manner.


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