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The Journal of Immunology, 2005, 174: 2185-2189.
Copyright © 2005 by The American Association of Immunologists

Vaccine-Elicited Antibodies Mediate Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Correlated with Significantly Reduced Acute Viremia in Rhesus Macaques Challenged with SIVmac2511

V. Raúl Gómez-Román*, L. Jean Patterson*, David Venzon{dagger}, David Liewehr{dagger}, Kris Aldrich*, Ruth Florese* and Marjorie Robert-Guroff2,*

* Vaccine Branch and {dagger} Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892

Effector cells armed with Abs can eliminate virus-infected target cells by Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), an immune mechanism that has been largely overlooked in HIV vaccine development. Here, we show that a prime/boost AIDS vaccine approach elicits potent ADCC activity correlating with protection against SIV in rhesus macaques (Macacca mulatta). Priming with replicating adenovirus type 5 host range mutant-SIV recombinants, followed by boosting with SIV gp120, elicited Abs with ADCC activity against SIVmac251-infected cells. In vitro ADCC activity correlated with in vivo reduced acute viremia after a mucosal challenge with pathogenic SIV. Our findings expose ADCC activity as an immune correlate that may be relevant in the rational design of an efficacious vaccine against HIV.




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