| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
BRIEF REVIEWS |
Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996
This brief review describes the types of interactions that occur between CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) and microbial pathogens. These interactions range from one of mutual benefit (détente cordiale) such as occurs in Leishmania major infection of resistant mouse strains, to instances where the Treg response appears to mainly favor the pathogen and be detrimental to the host (détente contraire). Examples of the latter include chronic persistent infections with retroviruses, perhaps including HIV, and hepatitis C virus. The Treg response also hampers the effectiveness of immunity against some acute virus infections such as HSV. Evidence is also discussed showing that Treg can play a benevolent role to limit the severity of bystander tissue damage in circumstances where the immune response to pathogens is immunopathological. Finally, emerging approaches are discussed that either blunt or activate Treg and that could be used practically to manage host-pathogen interaction.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  L. Myers, R. J. Messer, A. B. Carmody, and K. J. Hasenkrug Tissue-Specific Abundance of Regulatory T Cells Correlates with CD8+ T Cell Dysfunction and Chronic Retrovirus Loads J. Immunol., August 1, 2009; 183(3): 1636 - 1643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Stevceva, V. Yoon, A. Carville, B. Pacheco, M. Santosuosso, B. Korioth-Schmitz, K. Mansfield, and M. C. Poznansky The Efficacy of T Cell-Mediated Immune Responses Is Reduced by the Envelope Protein of the Chimeric HIV-1/SIV-KB9 Virus In Vivo J. Immunol., October 15, 2008; 181(8): 5510 - 5521. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Ebinuma, N. Nakamoto, Y. Li, D. A. Price, E. Gostick, B. L. Levine, J. Tobias, W. W. Kwok, and K.-M. Chang Identification and In Vitro Expansion of Functional Antigen-Specific CD25+ FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells in Hepatitis C Virus Infection J. Virol., May 15, 2008; 82(10): 5043 - 5053. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Fernandez, F. K. Puttur, Y. M. Wang, W. Howden, S. I. Alexander, and C. A. Jones T Regulatory Cells Contribute to the Attenuated Primary CD8+ and CD4+ T Cell Responses to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in Neonatal Mice J. Immunol., February 1, 2008; 180(3): 1556 - 1564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Roy, P. F. Barnes, A. Garg, S. Wu, D. Cosman, and R. Vankayalapati NK Cells Lyse T Regulatory Cells That Expand in Response to an Intracellular Pathogen J. Immunol., February 1, 2008; 180(3): 1729 - 1736. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. S. Deepe Jr. and R. S. Gibbons TNF-{alpha} Antagonism Generates a Population of Antigen-Specific CD4+CD25+ T Cells That Inhibit Protective Immunity in Murine Histoplasmosis J. Immunol., January 15, 2008; 180(2): 1088 - 1097. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Li, E. J. Gowans, C. Chougnet, M. Plebanski, and U. Dittmer Natural Regulatory T Cells and Persistent Viral Infection J. Virol., January 1, 2008; 82(1): 21 - 30. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. J. Hartigan-O'Connor, K. Abel, and J. M. McCune Suppression of SIV-specific CD4+ T cells by infant but not adult macaque regulatory T cells: implications for SIV disease progression J. Exp. Med., October 29, 2007; 204(11): 2679 - 2692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Schountz, J. Prescott, A. C. Cogswell, L. Oko, K. Mirowsky-Garcia, A. P. Galvez, and B. Hjelle Regulatory T cell-like responses in deer mice persistently infected with Sin Nombre virus PNAS, September 25, 2007; 104(39): 15496 - 15501. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. B. Nesburn, I. Bettahi, G. Dasgupta, A. A. Chentoufi, X. Zhang, S. You, N. Morishige, A. J. Wahlert, D. J. Brown, J. V. Jester, et al. Functional Foxp3+ CD4+ CD25(Bright+) "Natural" Regulatory T Cells Are Abundant in Rabbit Conjunctiva and Suppress Virus-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ Effector T Cells during Ocular Herpes Infection J. Virol., July 15, 2007; 81(14): 7647 - 7661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Deaglio, K. M. Dwyer, W. Gao, D. Friedman, A. Usheva, A. Erat, J.-F. Chen, K. Enjyoji, J. Linden, M. Oukka, et al. Adenosine generation catalyzed by CD39 and CD73 expressed on regulatory T cells mediates immune suppression J. Exp. Med., June 11, 2007; 204(6): 1257 - 1265. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Diaz, F. Galivo, T. Kottke, P. Wongthida, J. Qiao, J. Thompson, M. Valdes, G. Barber, and R. G. Vile Oncolytic Immunovirotherapy for Melanoma Using Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Cancer Res., March 15, 2007; 67(6): 2840 - 2848. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. Brando, L. A. Ware, H. Freyberger, A. Kathcart, A. Barbosa, S. Cayphas, M.-A. Demoitie, P. Mettens, D. G. Heppner, and D. E. Lanar Murine Immune Responses to Liver-Stage Antigen 1 Protein FMP011, a Malaria Vaccine Candidate, Delivered with Adjuvant AS01B or AS02A Infect. Immun., February 1, 2007; 75(2): 838 - 845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Kotner and R. Tarleton Endogenous CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Have a Limited Role in the Control of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Mice Infect. Immun., February 1, 2007; 75(2): 861 - 869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Yang, A. Liu, Q. Xie, T. B. Guo, B. Wan, B. Zhou, and J. Z. Zhang Association of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells with chronic activity and viral clearance in patients with hepatitis B Int. Immunol., February 1, 2007; 19(2): 133 - 140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Peluso, M. C. Fantini, D. Fina, R. Caruso, M. Boirivant, T. T. MacDonald, F. Pallone, and G. Monteleone IL-21 Counteracts the Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Suppression of Human CD4+ T Lymphocytes J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 732 - 739. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H.-J. Epple, C. Loddenkemper, D. Kunkel, H. Troger, J. Maul, V. Moos, E. Berg, R. Ullrich, J.-D. Schulzke, H. Stein, et al. Mucosal but not peripheral FOXP3+ regulatory T cells are highly increased in untreated HIV infection and normalize after suppressive HAART Blood, November 1, 2006; 108(9): 3072 - 3078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. S. Grajewski, P. B. Silver, R. K. Agarwal, S.-B. Su, C.-C. Chan, G. I. Liou, and R. R. Caspi Endogenous IRBP can be dispensable for generation of natural CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells that protect from IRBP-induced retinal autoimmunity J. Exp. Med., April 17, 2006; 203(4): 851 - 856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. J. Robertson, R. J. Messer, A. B. Carmody, and K. J. Hasenkrug In Vitro Suppression of CD8+ T Cell Function by Friend Virus-Induced Regulatory T Cells J. Immunol., March 15, 2006; 176(6): 3342 - 3349. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. C. Kemball, E. D. H. Lee, E. Szomolanyi-Tsuda, T. C. Pearson, C. P. Larsen, and A. E. Lukacher Costimulation Requirements for Antiviral CD8+ T Cells Differ for Acute and Persistent Phases of Polyoma Virus Infection J. Immunol., February 1, 2006; 176(3): 1814 - 1824. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Zelinskyy, S. J. Robertson, S. Schimmer, R. J. Messer, K. J. Hasenkrug, and U. Dittmer CD8+ T-Cell Dysfunction due to Cytolytic Granule Deficiency in Persistent Friend Retrovirus Infection J. Virol., August 15, 2005; 79(16): 10619 - 10626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. D. Price, J. Schaumburg, C. Sandin, J. P. Atkinson, G. Lindahl, and C. Kemper Induction of a Regulatory Phenotype in Human CD4+ T Cells by Streptococcal M Protein J. Immunol., July 15, 2005; 175(2): 677 - 684. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. D. Roberts, K. H. Ely, and D. L. Woodland Differential contributions of central and effector memory T cells to recall responses J. Exp. Med., July 5, 2005; 202(1): 123 - 133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Ji, J. Masterson, J. Sun, and L. Soong CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Restrain Pathogenic Responses during Leishmania amazonensis Infection J. Immunol., June 1, 2005; 174(11): 7147 - 7153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. D. Taylor, L. LeGoff, A. Harris, E. Malone, J. E. Allen, and R. M. Maizels Removal of Regulatory T Cell Activity Reverses Hyporesponsiveness and Leads to Filarial Parasite Clearance In Vivo J. Immunol., April 15, 2005; 174(8): 4924 - 4933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
