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* Department of Oral Medicine, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan;
Mucosal Immunology Section, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea;
Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan;
Department of Immunology, Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142; and
¶ Departments of Microbiology and Oral Biology, Immunobiology Vaccine Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294
This study assessed the roles of the postnatal lymphotoxin-
receptor (LTR)-mediated signals in the gut-associated lymphoreticular tissues of mice for subsequent regulation of Ag-specific intestinal IgA responses. Blockade of LTR-dependent events by postnatal administration of the fusion protein of LTR and IgG Fc (LTR-Ig) reduced both the size and numbers of Peyer’s patches (PP) without influencing the PP microarchitecture. Interestingly, inhibition of LTR-dependent signaling revealed significant reductions in the formation of follicular dendritic cell clusters in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Furthermore, these postnatal signaling events controlled the development of isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF) because treatment with LTR-Ig eliminated the formation of ILF. LTR-Ig-treated mice with altered microarchitecture of MLN and lacking ILF were still able to produce significant Ag-specific mucosal IgA responses after oral immunization; however, the levels were significantly lower than those seen in control mice. These results imply the importance of ILF for Ag-specific intestinal immunity. However, mice treated with both TNFR55-Ig and LTR-Ig in utero, which lack PP and MLN, but retain intact ILF, failed to induce Ag-specific IgA responses after oral immunization. These findings demonstrate that ILF are not essential for induction of intestinal IgA Ab responses to orally administered Ag. Furthermore, the induction of intestinal IgA Ab responses requires the proper maintenance of the MLN microarchitecture, including a follicular dendritic cell network.
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