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The Journal of Immunology, 2004, 172: 3573-3579.
Copyright © 2004 by The American Association of Immunologists

A Keratinocyte-Responsive {gamma}{delta} TCR Is Necessary for Dendritic Epidermal T Cell Activation by Damaged Keratinocytes and Maintenance in the Epidermis1

Julie M. Jameson, Gabrielle Cauvi, Deborah A. Witherden and Wendy L. Havran2

Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037

A unique population of T lymphocytes, designated dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC), homes to the murine epidermis during fetal development. DETC express a canonical {gamma}{delta} TCR, V{gamma}3/V{delta}1, which recognizes Ag expressed on damaged, stressed, or transformed keratinocytes. Recently, DETC were shown to play a key role in the complex process of wound repair. To examine the role of the DETC TCR in DETC localization to the epidermis, maintenance in the skin, and activation in vivo, we analyzed DETC in the TCR{delta}-/- mouse. Unlike previous reports in which the TCR{delta}-/- skin was found to be devoid of any DETC, we discovered that TCR{delta}-/- mice have {alpha}{beta} TCR-expressing DETC with a polyclonal V{beta} chain repertoire. The {alpha}{beta} DETC are not retained over the life of the animal, suggesting that the {gamma}{delta} TCR is critical for the maintenance of DETC in the skin. Although the {alpha}{beta} DETC can be activated in response to direct stimulation, they do not respond to keratinocyte damage. Our results suggest that a keratinocyte-responsive TCR is necessary for DETC activation in response to keratinocyte damage and for DETC maintenance in the epidermis.




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