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* Laboratory of Experimental Internal Medicine, Departments of
Pathology and
Infectious Diseases, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute, Department of General Surgery, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
¶
Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are crucial pattern recognition receptors in innate immunity. The importance of TLR2 in host defense against Gram-positive bacteria has been suggested by the fact that this receptor recognizes major Gram-positive cell wall components, such as peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid. To determine the role of TLR2 in pulmonary Gram-positive infection, we first established that TLR2 is indispensable for alveolar macrophage responsiveness toward Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nonetheless, TLR2 gene-deficient mice intranasally inoculated with S. pneumoniae at doses varying from nonlethal (with complete clearance of the infection) to lethal displayed only a modestly reduced inflammatory response in their lungs and an unaltered antibacterial defense when compared with normal wild-type mice. These data suggest that TLR2 plays a limited role in the innate immune response to pneumococcal pneumonia, and that additional pattern recognition receptors likely are involved in host defense against this common respiratory pathogen.
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C. W. Wieland, S. Knapp, S. Florquin, A. F. de Vos, K. Takeda, S. Akira, D. T. Golenbock, A. Verbon, and T. van der Poll Non-Mannose-capped Lipoarabinomannan Induces Lung Inflammation via Toll-like Receptor 2 Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., December 15, 2004; 170(12): 1367 - 1374. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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