| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Division of Dermatology, University of California, and Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare Center, San Diego, CA 92161
The production of antimicrobial peptides and proteins is essential for defense against infection. Many of the known human antimicrobial peptides are multifunctional, with stimulatory activities such as chemotaxis while simultaneously acting as natural antibiotics. In humans, eccrine appendages express DCD and CAMP, genes encoding proteins processed into the antimicrobial peptides dermcidin and LL-37. In this study we show that after secretion onto the skin surface, the CAMP gene product is processed by a serine protease-dependent mechanism into multiple novel antimicrobial peptides distinct from the cathelicidin LL-37. These peptides show enhanced antimicrobial action, acquiring the ability to kill skin pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Furthermore, although LL-37 may influence the host inflammatory response by stimulating IL-8 release from keratinocytes, this activity is lost in subsequently processed peptides. Thus, a single gene product encoding an important defense molecule alters structure and function in the topical environment to shift the balance of activity toward direct inhibition of microbial colonization.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  G. Bergsson, E. P. Reeves, P. McNally, S. H. Chotirmall, C. M. Greene, P. Greally, P. Murphy, S. J. O'Neill, and N. G. McElvaney LL-37 Complexation with Glycosaminoglycans in Cystic Fibrosis Lungs Inhibits Antimicrobial Activity, Which Can Be Restored by Hypertonic Saline J. Immunol., July 1, 2009; 183(1): 543 - 551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Wang, K. M. Watson, and R. W. Buckheit Jr. Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Activities of Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Human and Bovine Cathelicidins Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 2008; 52(9): 3438 - 3440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Bucki, D. B. Namiot, Z. Namiot, P. B. Savage, and P. A. Janmey Salivary mucins inhibit antibacterial activity of the cathelicidin-derived LL-37 peptide but not the cationic steroid CSA-13 J. Antimicrob. Chemother., August 1, 2008; 62(2): 329 - 335. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Kobayashi, T. Yoshida, D. Takeuchi, V. C. Jones, K. Shigematsu, D. N. Herndon, and F. Suzuki Gr-1+CD11b+ cells as an accelerator of sepsis stemming from Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection in thermally injured mice J. Leukoc. Biol., June 1, 2008; 83(6): 1354 - 1362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Di Nardo, K. Yamasaki, R. A. Dorschner, Y. Lai, and R. L. Gallo Mast Cell Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide Prevents Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infection of the Skin J. Immunol., June 1, 2008; 180(11): 7565 - 7573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. F. Webster Skin Microecology: The Old and the New Arch Dermatol, January 1, 2007; 143(1): 105 - 106. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Dudal, C. Turriere, S. Bessoles, P. Fontes, F. Sanchez, J. Liautard, J.-P. Liautard, and V. Lafont Release of LL-37 by Activated Human V{gamma}9V{delta}2 T Cells: A Microbicidal Weapon against Brucella suis J. Immunol., October 15, 2006; 177(8): 5533 - 5539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. Yamasaki, J. Schauber, A. Coda, H. Lin, R. A. Dorschner, N. M. Schechter, C. Bonnart, P. Descargues, A. Hovnanian, and R. L. Gallo Kallikrein-mediated proteolysis regulates the antimicrobial effects of cathelicidins in skin FASEB J, October 1, 2006; 20(12): 2068 - 2080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Sigurdardottir, P. Andersson, M. Davoudi, M. Malmsten, A. Schmidtchen, and M. Bodelsson In Silico Identification and Biological Evaluation of Antimicrobial Peptides Based on Human Cathelicidin LL-37. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., September 1, 2006; 50(9): 2983 - 2989. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. G. Barlow, Y. Li, T. S. Wilkinson, D. M. E. Bowdish, Y. E. Lau, C. Cosseau, C. Haslett, A. J. Simpson, R. E. W. Hancock, and D. J. Davidson The human cationic host defense peptide LL-37 mediates contrasting effects on apoptotic pathways in different primary cells of the innate immune system J. Leukoc. Biol., September 1, 2006; 80(3): 509 - 520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Zelezetsky, A. Pontillo, L. Puzzi, N. Antcheva, L. Segat, S. Pacor, S. Crovella, and A. Tossi Evolution of the Primate Cathelicidin: CORRELATION BETWEEN STRUCTURAL VARIATIONS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY J. Biol. Chem., July 21, 2006; 281(29): 19861 - 19871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Raqib, P. Sarker, P. Bergman, G. Ara, M. Lindh, D. A. Sack, K. M. Nasirul Islam, G. H. Gudmundsson, J. Andersson, and B. Agerberth From the Cover: Improved outcome in shigellosis associated with butyrate induction of an endogenous peptide antibiotic PNAS, June 13, 2006; 103(24): 9178 - 9183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. Lopez-Garcia, P. H. A. Lee, and R. L. Gallo Expression and potential function of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides in dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor J. Antimicrob. Chemother., May 1, 2006; 57(5): 877 - 882. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Baechle, T. Flad, A. Cansier, H. Steffen, B. Schittek, J. Tolson, T. Herrmann, H. Dihazi, A. Beck, G. A. Mueller, et al. Cathepsin D Is Present in Human Eccrine Sweat and Involved in the Postsecretory Processing of the Antimicrobial Peptide DCD-1L J. Biol. Chem., March 3, 2006; 281(9): 5406 - 5415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. A. Nordahl, V. Rydengard, M. Morgelin, and A. Schmidtchen Domain 5 of High Molecular Weight Kininogen Is Antibacterial J. Biol. Chem., October 14, 2005; 280(41): 34832 - 34839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. D. Ciornei, T. Sigurdardottir, A. Schmidtchen, and M. Bodelsson Antimicrobial and Chemoattractant Activity, Lipopolysaccharide Neutralization, Cytotoxicity, and Inhibition by Serum of Analogs of Human Cathelicidin LL-37 Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., July 1, 2005; 49(7): 2845 - 2850. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Rieg, H. Steffen, S. Seeber, A. Humeny, H. Kalbacher, K. Dietz, C. Garbe, and B. Schittek Deficiency of Dermcidin-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides in Sweat of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis Correlates with an Impaired Innate Defense of Human Skin In Vivo J. Immunol., June 15, 2005; 174(12): 8003 - 8010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. van Wetering, G. S. Tjabringa, and P. S. Hiemstra Interactions between neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides and airway epithelial cells J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2005; 77(4): 444 - 450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Harder and J.-M. Schroder Psoriatic scales: a promising source for the isolation of human skin-derived antimicrobial proteins J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2005; 77(4): 476 - 486. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. H. Braff, M. A. Hawkins, A. D. Nardo, B. Lopez-Garcia, M. D. Howell, C. Wong, K. Lin, J. E. Streib, R. Dorschner, D. Y. M. Leung, et al. Structure-Function Relationships among Human Cathelicidin Peptides: Dissociation of Antimicrobial Properties from Host Immunostimulatory Activities J. Immunol., April 1, 2005; 174(7): 4271 - 4278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Sieprawska-Lupa, P. Mydel, K. Krawczyk, K. Wojcik, M. Puklo, B. Lupa, P. Suder, J. Silberring, M. Reed, J. Pohl, et al. Degradation of Human Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 by Staphylococcus aureus-Derived Proteinases Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., December 1, 2004; 48(12): 4673 - 4679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
