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* Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom;
Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany;
Department of Applied Biochemistry and Institute of Glycobiology, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan;
Department of Immunology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; and
¶ Department of Biochemistry, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
The lectin pathway of complement is activated when a carbohydrate recognition complex and associated serine proteases binds to the surface of a pathogen. Three recognition subcomponents have been shown to form active initiation complexes: mannan-binding lectin (MBL), L-ficolin, and H-ficolin. The importance of MBL in antimicrobial host defense is well recognized, but the role of the ficolins remains largely undefined. This report shows that L-ficolin specifically binds to lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall component found in all Gram-positive bacteria. Immobilized LTA from Staphylococcus aureus binds L-ficolin complexes from sera, and these complexes initiate lectin pathway-dependent C4 turnover. C4 activation correlates with serum L-ficolin concentration, but not with serum MBL levels. L-ficolin binding and corresponding levels of C4 turnover were observed on LTA purified from other clinically important bacteria, including Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus agalactiae. None of the LTA preparations bound MBL, H-ficolin, or the classical pathway recognition molecule, C1q.
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