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BRIEF REVIEWS |
* Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and
Chemical Immunology Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; and
Laboratorio de Imunorregulacao e Microbiologia, Centro de Pesquisas Goncalo Moniz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Immune activation of HIV gene expression as a consequence of the host response to coinfecting pathogens has been implicated as an important factor in AIDS progression. Immune responsiveness to many of the infectious agents associated with HIV has been demonstrated to depend on a family of innate recognition molecules, known as Toll-like receptors (TLR). Therefore, TLR-pathogen interactions could play an indirect role in regulating HIV-associated disease. In this review, we summarize emerging evidence for the influence of TLR recognition on HIV gene activation and AIDS progression.
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