|
|
||||||||
Production1
Fox Chase Cancer Center, Division of Basic Science, Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA 19111
Killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR)2DL4 (2DL4, CD158d) was previously described as the only KIR expressed by every human NK cell. It is also structurally atypical among KIRs because it possesses a basic transmembrane residue, which is characteristic of many activating receptors, but also contains a cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM). We expressed epitope-tagged 2DL4 in an NK-like cell line to study receptor function. Three distinct 2DL4 cDNA clones were analyzed: one encoding the "conventional" 2DL4 with the cytoplasmic ITIM (2DL4.1) and two encoding different cytoplasmic truncated forms lacking the ITIM (2DL4.2 and 2DL4*). Surprisingly, one truncated receptor (2DL4.2), which is the product of a prevalent human 2DL4 allele, was not expressed on the cell surface, indicating that some individuals may lack functional 2DL4 protein expression. Conversely, both 2DL4.1 and 2DL4* were expressed on the cell surface and up-regulated by IL-2. Analysis of primary NK cells with anti-2DL4 mAb confirmed the lack of surface expression in a donor with the 2DL4.2 genotype. Donors with the 2DL4.1 genotype occasionally expressed receptor only on CD56high NK cells, although their expression was up-regulated by IL-2. Interestingly, Ab engagement of epitope-tagged 2DL4 triggered rapid and robust IFN-
production, but weak redirected cytotoxicity in an NK-like cell line, which was the opposite pattern to that observed upon engagement of another NK cell activating receptor, NKp44. Importantly, both 2DL4.1 and 2DL4* exhibited similar activation potential, indicating that the ITIM does not influence 2DL4.1 activating function. The unique activation properties of 2DL4 suggest linkage to a distinct signaling pathway.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
J.P. Goodridge, L.J. Lathbury, E. John, A.K. Charles, F.T. Christiansen, and C.S. Witt The genotype of the NK cell receptor, KIR2DL4, influences INF{gamma} secretion by decidual natural killer cells Mol. Hum. Reprod., August 1, 2009; 15(8): 489 - 497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Izawa, J. Kitaura, Y. Yamanishi, T. Matsuoka, A. Kaitani, M. Sugiuchi, M. Takahashi, A. Maehara, Y. Enomoto, T. Oki, et al. An Activating and Inhibitory Signal from an Inhibitory Receptor LMIR3/CLM-1: LMIR3 Augments Lipopolysaccharide Response through Association with FcR{gamma} in Mast Cells J. Immunol., July 15, 2009; 183(2): 925 - 936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. S. Korbel, P. J. Norman, K. C. Newman, A. Horowitz, K. Gendzekhadze, P. Parham, and E. M. Riley Killer Ig-Like Receptor (KIR) Genotype Predicts the Capacity of Human KIR-Positive CD56dim NK Cells to Respond to Pathogen-Associated Signals J. Immunol., May 15, 2009; 182(10): 6426 - 6434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Morel and T. Bellon HLA Class I Molecules Regulate IFN-{gamma} Production Induced in NK Cells by Target Cells, Viral Products, or Immature Dendritic Cells through the Inhibitory Receptor ILT2/CD85j J. Immunol., August 15, 2008; 181(4): 2368 - 2381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Iannello, O. Debbeche, S. Samarani, and A. Ahmad Antiviral NK cell responses in HIV infection: I. NK cell receptor genes as determinants of HIV resistance and progression to AIDS J. Leukoc. Biol., July 1, 2008; 84(1): 1 - 26. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. D. Carosella, B. Favier, N. Rouas-Freiss, P. Moreau, and J. LeMaoult Beyond the increasing complexity of the immunomodulatory HLA-G molecule Blood, May 15, 2008; 111(10): 4862 - 4870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Esin, G. Batoni, C. Counoupas, A. Stringaro, F. L. Brancatisano, M. Colone, G. Maisetta, W. Florio, G. Arancia, and M. Campa Direct Binding of Human NK Cell Natural Cytotoxicity Receptor NKp44 to the Surfaces of Mycobacteria and Other Bacteria Infect. Immun., April 1, 2008; 76(4): 1719 - 1727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. M. Shahjahan Miah, T. L. Hughes, and K. S. Campbell KIR2DL4 Differentially Signals Downstream Functions in Human NK Cells through Distinct Structural Modules J. Immunol., March 1, 2008; 180(5): 2922 - 2932. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Cooley, F. Xiao, M. Pitt, M. Gleason, V. McCullar, T. L. Bergemann, K. L. McQueen, L. A. Guethlein, P. Parham, and J. S. Miller A subpopulation of human peripheral blood NK cells that lacks inhibitory receptors for self-MHC is developmentally immature Blood, July 15, 2007; 110(2): 578 - 586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Estefania, R. Flores, N. Gomez-Lozano, H. Aguilar, M. Lopez-Botet, and C. Vilches Human KIR2DL5 Is an Inhibitory Receptor Expressed on the Surface of NK and T Lymphocyte Subsets J. Immunol., April 1, 2007; 178(7): 4402 - 4410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. van der Meer, H.G.M. Lukassen, B. van Cranenbroek, E.H. Weiss, D.D.M. Braat, M.J. van Lierop, and I. Joosten Soluble HLA-G promotes Th1-type cytokine production by cytokine-activated uterine and peripheral natural killer cells Mol. Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2007; 13(2): 123 - 133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Alvarez-Errico, J. Sayos, and M. Lopez-Botet The IREM-1 (CD300f) Inhibitory Receptor Associates with the p85{alpha} Subunit of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 808 - 816. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Bielekova, M. Catalfamo, S. Reichert-Scrivner, A. Packer, M. Cerna, T. A. Waldmann, H. McFarland, P. A. Henkart, and R. Martin Regulatory CD56bright natural killer cells mediate immunomodulatory effects of IL-2R{alpha}-targeted therapy (daclizumab) in multiple sclerosis PNAS, April 11, 2006; 103(15): 5941 - 5946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. P. Williams, A. R. Bateman, and S. I. Khakoo HANGING IN THE BALANCE: KIR and Their Role in Disease Mol. Interv., August 1, 2005; 5(4): 226 - 240. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
W. Leung, R. Iyengar, B. Triplett, V. Turner, F. G. Behm, M. S. Holladay, J. Houston, and R. Handgretinger Comparison of Killer Ig-Like Receptor Genotyping and Phenotyping for Selection of Allogeneic Blood Stem Cell Donors J. Immunol., May 15, 2005; 174(10): 6540 - 6545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. S. Hunt, M. G. Petroff, R. H. McIntire, and C. Ober HLA-G and immune tolerance in pregnancy FASEB J, May 1, 2005; 19(7): 681 - 693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Abi-Rached and P. Parham Natural selection drives recurrent formation of activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor and Ly49 from inhibitory homologues J. Exp. Med., April 18, 2005; 201(8): 1319 - 1332. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Kikuchi-Maki, T. L. Catina, and K. S. Campbell Cutting Edge: KIR2DL4 Transduces Signals into Human NK Cells through Association with the Fc Receptor {gamma} Protein J. Immunol., April 1, 2005; 174(7): 3859 - 3863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Draghi, N. Yawata, M. Gleimer, M. Yawata, N. M. Valiante, and P. Parham Single-cell analysis of the human NK cell response to missing self and its inhibition by HLA class I Blood, March 1, 2005; 105(5): 2028 - 2035. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. G. Sambrook, A. Bashirova, S. Palmer, S. Sims, J. Trowsdale, L. Abi-Rached, P. Parham, M. Carrington, and S. Beck Single haplotype analysis demonstrates rapid evolution of the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) loci in primates Genome Res., January 1, 2005; 15(1): 25 - 35. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Hanna, P. Bechtel, Y. Zhai, F. Youssef, K. McLachlan, and O. Mandelboim Novel Insights on Human NK Cells' Immunological Modalities Revealed by Gene Expression Profiling J. Immunol., December 1, 2004; 173(11): 6547 - 6563. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. van Bergen, A. Thompson, A. van der Slik, T. H. M. Ottenhoff, J. Gussekloo, and F. Koning Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of CD4 T Cells Expressing Killer Ig-Like Receptors J. Immunol., December 1, 2004; 173(11): 6719 - 6726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C.S. Witt, J. Goodridge, M.G. Gerbase-DeLima, S. Daher, and F.T. Christiansen Maternal KIR repertoire is not associated with recurrent spontaneous abortion Hum. Reprod., November 1, 2004; 19(11): 2653 - 2657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S.-i. Yusa, T. L. Catina, and K. S. Campbell KIR2DL5 Can Inhibit Human NK Cell Activation Via Recruitment of Src Homology Region 2-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) J. Immunol., June 15, 2004; 172(12): 7385 - 7392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. S. Campbell, S.-i. Yusa, A. Kikuchi-Maki, and T. L. Catina NKp44 Triggers NK Cell Activation through DAP12 Association That Is Not Influenced by a Putative Cytoplasmic Inhibitory Sequence J. Immunol., January 15, 2004; 172(2): 899 - 906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |