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* Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; and
Department of Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Leukocyte recruitment to the airway lumen is a central feature of inflammatory conditions such as asthma and respiratory viral infection. Characterization of mediators that regulate leukocyte recruitment in these conditions revealed increased IL-12 p40 homodimer (p80) levels were associated with enhanced airway macrophage accumulation. To examine this association, we used in vivo and in vitro assays to demonstrate p80, but not IL-12 or p40, provided a macrophage chemoattractant signal. Macrophages from genetically deficient mice indicated p80-dependent chemotaxis was independent of IL-12 and required IL-12R
1 (R1) expression. Furthermore, analysis of murine cell lines and primary culture macrophages revealed R1 expression, with an intact cytoplasmic tail, was necessary and sufficient to mediate p80-dependent chemotaxis. To examine the role for R1 in mediating macrophage accumulation in vivo, we contrasted Sendai virus-driven airway inflammation in wild-type and R1-deficient mice. Despite similar viral burden and production of the macrophage chemoattractant p80, the R1-deficient mice displayed a selective decrease in airway macrophage accumulation and resistance to viral-dependent mortality. Thus, R1 mediates p80-dependent macrophage chemotaxis and inhibition of the p80-R1 interaction may provide a novel anti-inflammatory strategy to manipulate the inflammation associated with asthma and respiratory viral infection.
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