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The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 5673-5677.
Copyright © 2003 by The American Association of Immunologists


CUTTING EDGE

Cutting Edge: Transplantation Tolerance through Enhanced CTLA-4 Expression 1

Charlotte Ariyan*, Paolo Salvalaggio*, Scott Fecteau*, Songyan Deng{dagger}, Linda Rogozinski{dagger}, Didier Mandelbrot{ddagger}, Arlene Sharpe, Mohamed H. Sayegh||, Giacomo P. Basadonna2,§ and David M. Rothstein2,3,{dagger}

Departments of * Surgery and {dagger} Medicine, Yale Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520; Departments of {ddagger} Medicine and § Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655; and Departments of Pathology and || Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115

Knockout and blocking studies have shown a critical role for CTLA-4 in peripheral tolerance, however, it is unknown whether augmenting CTLA-4 expression actually promotes tolerance. Here we demonstrate a specific and requisite role for CTLA-4 and its up-regulation in tolerance through anti-CD45RB. First, long-term murine islet allograft survival induced by anti-CD45RB is prevented by CTLA4-Ig, which interferes with B7:CTLA-4 interactions. Second, anti-CD45RB is ineffective in recipients lacking CTLA-4, B7-1, and B7-2. In contrast, CTLA4-Ig, which targets B7 on allogeneic cells, promotes long-term engraftment in these mice. Moreover, anti-CD45RB was effective in B7-deficient controls expressing CTLA-4. Finally, in wild-type mice, CTLA-4 expression returned to baseline 17 days after receiving anti-CD45RB, and was refractory to further increase. Transplantation and anti-CD45RB therapy at this time could neither augment CTLA-4 nor prolong engraftment. These data demonstrate a specific role for CTLA-4 in anti-CD45RB-mediated tolerance and indicate that CTLA-4 up-regulation can directly promote allograft survival.




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