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CUTTING EDGE |
Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
In this study, we examined the cytotoxic activity of effector and memory CD8 T cells in vivo. At the peak of the CTL response following an acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, effector CD8 T cells exhibited extremely rapid killing and started to eliminate adoptively transferred target cells within 15 min by a perforin-dependent mechanism. Although resting memory CD8 T cells are poorly cytolytic by in vitro 51Cr release assays, there was rapid elimination (within 1–4 h) of target cells after transfer into immune mice, and both CD62Lhigh and CD62Llow memory CD8 T cells were able to kill rapidly in vivo. Strikingly, when directly compared on a per cell basis, memory CD8 T cells were only slightly slower than effector cells in eliminating target cells. These data indicate that virus specific memory CD8 T cells can rapidly acquire cytotoxic function upon re-exposure to Ag and are much more efficient killers in vivo than previously appreciated.
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 J. Schmidt, G. Rakocevic, R. Raju, and M. C. Dalakas Upregulated inducible co-stimulator (ICOS) and ICOS-ligand in inclusion body myositis muscle: significance for CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity Brain, May 1, 2004; 127(5): 1182 - 1190. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Wolint, M. R. Betts, R. A. Koup, and A. Oxenius Immediate Cytotoxicity But Not Degranulation Distinguishes Effector and Memory Subsets of CD8+ T Cells J. Exp. Med., April 5, 2004; 199(7): 925 - 936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. L. Ahonen, C. L. Doxsee, S. M. McGurran, T. R. Riter, W. F. Wade, R. J. Barth, J. P. Vasilakos, R. J. Noelle, and R. M. Kedl Combined TLR and CD40 Triggering Induces Potent CD8+ T Cell Expansion with Variable Dependence on Type I IFN J. Exp. Med., March 15, 2004; 199(6): 775 - 784. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S.-K. Kim and R. M. Welsh Comprehensive Early and Lasting Loss of Memory CD8 T Cells and Functional Memory during Acute and Persistent Viral Infections J. Immunol., March 1, 2004; 172(5): 3139 - 3150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Andreansky, H. Liu, H. Adler, U. H. Koszinowski, S. Efstathiou, and P. C. Doherty The limits of protection by "memory" T cells in Ig-/- mice persistently infected with a {gamma}-herpesvirus PNAS, February 17, 2004; 101(7): 2017 - 2022. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. M. Byers, C. C. Kemball, J. M. Moser, and A. E. Lukacher Cutting Edge: Rapid In Vivo CTL Activity by Polyoma Virus-Specific Effector and Memory CD8+ T Cells J. Immunol., July 1, 2003; 171(1): 17 - 21. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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