| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Department of Pediatrics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Departments of
Experimental Internal Medicine and
Pathology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
The fatality rate associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis remains high despite adequate antibiotic treatment. IL-1 is an important proinflammatory cytokine, which is up-regulated in brain tissue after the induction of meningitis. To determine the role of IL-1 in pneumococcal meningitis we induced meningitis by intranasal inoculation with 8 x 104 CFU of S. pneumoniae and 180 U of hyaluronidase in IL-1R type I gene-deficient (IL-1R-/-) mice and wild-type mice. Meningitis resulted in elevated IL-1
and IL-1
mRNA and protein levels in the brain. The absence of an intact IL-1 signal was associated with a higher susceptibility to develop meningitis. Furthermore, the lack of IL-1 impaired bacterial clearance, as reflected by an increased number of CFU in cerebrospinal fluid of IL-1R-/- mice. The characteristic pleocytosis of meningitis was not significantly altered in IL-1R-/- mice, but meningitis was associated with lower brain levels of cytokines. The mortality was significantly higher and earlier in the course of the disease in IL-1R-/- mice. These results demonstrate that endogenous IL-1 is required for an adequate host defense in pneumococcal meningitis.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  S. Z. Ben-Sasson, J. Hu-Li, J. Quiel, S. Cauchetaux, M. Ratner, I. Shapira, C. A. Dinarello, and W. E. Paul IL-1 acts directly on CD4 T cells to enhance their antigen-driven expansion and differentiation PNAS, April 28, 2009; 106(17): 7119 - 7124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Chiavolini, G. Pozzi, and S. Ricci Animal Models of Streptococcus pneumoniae Disease Clin. Microbiol. Rev., October 1, 2008; 21(4): 666 - 685. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Kafka, E. Ling, G. Feldman, D. Benharroch, E. Voronov, N. Givon-Lavi, Y. Iwakura, R. Dagan, R. N. Apte, and Y. Mizrachi-Nebenzahl Contribution of IL-1 to resistance to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection Int. Immunol., September 1, 2008; 20(9): 1139 - 1146. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Shoma, K. Tsuchiya, I. Kawamura, T. Nomura, H. Hara, R. Uchiyama, S. Daim, and M. Mitsuyama Critical Involvement of Pneumolysin in Production of Interleukin-1{alpha} and Caspase-1-Dependent Cytokines in Infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae In Vitro: a Novel Function of Pneumolysin in Caspase-1 Activation Infect. Immun., April 1, 2008; 76(4): 1547 - 1557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C.-L. Ku, H. von Bernuth, C. Picard, S.-Y. Zhang, H.-H. Chang, K. Yang, M. Chrabieh, A. C. Issekutz, C. K. Cunningham, J. Gallin, et al. Selective predisposition to bacterial infections in IRAK-4 deficient children: IRAK-4 dependent TLRs are otherwise redundant in protective immunity J. Exp. Med., October 1, 2007; 204(10): 2407 - 2422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Deckert, S. Virna, M. Sakowicz-Burkiewicz, S. Lutjen, S. Soltek, H. Bluethmann, and D. Schluter Interleukin-1 Receptor Type 1 Is Essential for Control of Cerebral but Not Systemic Listeriosis Am. J. Pathol., March 1, 2007; 170(3): 990 - 1002. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. A. Rupprecht, B. Angele, M. Klein, J. Heesemann, H.-W. Pfister, M. Botto, and U. Koedel Complement C1q and C3 Are Critical for the Innate Immune Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the Central Nervous System J. Immunol., February 1, 2007; 178(3): 1861 - 1869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Q. Chen, G. Sen, and C. M. Snapper Endogenous IL-1R1 Signaling Is Critical for Cognate CD4+ T Cell Help for Induction of In Vivo Type 1 and Type 2 Antipolysaccharide and Antiprotein Ig Isotype Responses to Intact Streptococcus pneumoniae, but Not to a Soluble Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine J. Immunol., November 1, 2006; 177(9): 6044 - 6051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. G. Zwijnenburg, T. van der Poll, J. J. Roord, and A. M. van Furth Chemotactic Factors in Cerebrospinal Fluid during Bacterial Meningitis Infect. Immun., March 1, 2006; 74(3): 1445 - 1451. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. R. Prince, L. Allen, E. C. Jones, P. G. Hellewell, S. K. Dower, M. K.B. Whyte, and I. Sabroe The Role of Interleukin-1{beta} in Direct and Toll-Like Receptor 4-Mediated Neutrophil Activation and Survival Am. J. Pathol., November 1, 2004; 165(5): 1819 - 1826. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Koedel, T. Rupprecht, B. Angele, J. Heesemann, H. Wagner, H.-W. Pfister, and C. J. Kirschning MyD88 is required for mounting a robust host immune response to Streptococcus pneumoniae in the CNS Brain, June 1, 2004; 127(6): 1437 - 1445. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
