| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Center for Infectious Diseases and
Department of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany;
Department of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, Central Laboratory, Hospital of the Philipps University, Marburg, Germany; and
Department of Immunology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
Most infections with respiratory viruses induce Th1 responses characterized by the generation of Th1 and CD8+ T cells secreting IFN-
, which in turn have been shown to inhibit the development of Th2 cells. Therefore, it could be expected that respiratory viral infections mediate protection against asthma. However, the opposite seems to be true, because viral infections are often associated with the exacerbation of asthma. For this reason, we investigated what effect an influenza A (flu) virus infection has on the development of asthma. We found that flu infection 1, 3, 6, or 9 wk before allergen airway challenge resulted in a strong suppression of allergen-induced airway eosinophilia. This effect was associated with strongly reduced numbers of Th2 cells in the airways and was not observed in IFN-- or IL-12 p35-deficient mice. Mice infected with flu virus and immunized with OVA showed decreased IL-5 and increased IFN-, eotaxin/CC chemokine ligand (CCL)11, RANTES/CCL5, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/CCL2 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and increased airway hyperreactivity compared with OVA-immunized mice. These results suggest that the flu virus infection reduced airway eosinophilia by inducing Th1 responses, which lead to the inefficient recruitment of Th2 cells into the airways. However, OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 serum levels, blood eosinophilia, and goblet cell metaplasia in the lung were not reduced by the flu infection. Flu virus infection also directly induced AHR and goblet cell metaplasia. Taken together, our results show that flu virus infections can induce, exacerbate, and suppress features of asthmatic disease in mice.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Q. Wu, R. J. Martin, J. G. Rino, S. Jeyaseelan, R. Breed, and H. W. Chu A deficient TLR2 signaling promotes airway mucin production in Mycoplasma pneumoniae-infected allergic mice Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2007; 292(5): L1064 - L1072. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. P. Buchweitz, J. R. Harkema, and N. E. Kaminski Time-Dependent Airway Epithelial and Inflammatory Cell Responses Induced by Influenza Virus A/PR/8/34 in C57BL/6 Mice Toxicol Pathol, April 1, 2007; 35(3): 424 - 435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. F. Debes, M. E. Dahl, A. J. Mahiny, K. Bonhagen, D. J. Campbell, K. Siegmund, K. J. Erb, D. B. Lewis, T. Kamradt, and A. Hamann Chemotactic Responses of IL-4-, IL-10-, and IFN-{gamma}-Producing CD4+ T Cells Depend on Tissue Origin and Microbial Stimulus J. Immunol., January 1, 2006; 176(1): 557 - 566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Keshavan, T. L. Deem, S. J. Schwemberger, G. F. Babcock, J. M. Cook-Mills, and S. D. Zucker Unconjugated Bilirubin Inhibits VCAM-1-Mediated Transendothelial Leukocyte Migration J. Immunol., March 15, 2005; 174(6): 3709 - 3718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. E. Oran and H. L. Robinson DNA Vaccines: Influenza Virus Challenge of a Th2/Tc2 Immune Response Results in a Th2/Tc1 Response in the Lung J. Virol., April 15, 2004; 78(8): 4376 - 4380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. Wohlleben, C. Trujillo, J. Muller, Y. Ritze, S. Grunewald, U. Tatsch, and K. J. Erb Helminth infection modulates the development of allergen-induced airway inflammation Int. Immunol., April 1, 2004; 16(4): 585 - 596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
