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* Renal and Vascular Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autónoma University, Madrid, Spain;
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine,
Department of Immunology, and
Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
¶ Department of Molecular Cell Immunology and Allergology, Advanced Medical Research Center, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
In immune complex (IC) diseases, FcR are essential molecules facilitating polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) recruitment and effector functions at the IC site. Although FcR-dependent initial tethering and FcR/integrin-dependent PMN accumulation were postulated, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We here addressed potential mechanisms involved in PMN recruitment in acute IC glomerulonephritis (nephrotoxic nephritis). Since some renal cells may be recruited from bone marrow (BM) lineages, reconstitution studies with BM chimeras and PMN transfer between wild-type (WT) and FcR-deficient mice (
-/-) were performed. Severe glomerular damage was induced in WT and W chimeras (BM from WT to irradiated -/-), while it was absent in -/- and W chimeras (-/- BM to WT). Moreover, WT PMN transfer, but not -/- PMN, reconstituted the disease in -/-, indicating that FcR on resident cells is not a prerequisite for PMN recruitment in this disease. Surprisingly, transferred WT PMN were recruited coincidentally with NF-
B activation and TNF-
overexpression even in glomeruli with preformed IC (nephrotoxic Ab administered 3 days previously), suggesting that PMN can initially be recruited via its own FcR without previous chemoattractant release. Furthermore, H2O2 inhibition by catalase attenuated the acute WT PMN recruitment and the induction of NF-B and TNF- much more than integrin (CD18) blockade, indicating a role for the respiratory burst before integrin-dependent accumulation. In coculture experiments with IC-stimulated PMN and glomeruli, PMN caused acute glomerular TNF- expression predominantly via FcR-mediated H2O2 production. In conclusion, glomerular IC, even preformed, can cause PMN recruitment and injury through PMN FcR-mediated respiratory burst during initial PMN tethering to IC.
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