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* Departments of Surgery, Medicine, Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada;
MultiOrgan Transplant Program, London Health Sciences Center, London, Ontario, Canada;
Immunology and Transplantation, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada;
The John P. Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada;
¶ Fournier Laboratory, Daix, France; and
|| ToleroTech, London, Ontario, Canada
An active role of T regulatory cells (Treg) and tolerogenic dendritic cells (Tol-DC) is believed important for the induction and maintenance of transplantation tolerance. However, interactions between these cells remain unclear. We induced donor-specific tolerance in a fully MHC-mismatched murine model of cardiac transplantation by simultaneously targeting T cell and DC function using anti-CD45RB mAb and LF 15-0195, a novel analog of the antirejection drug 15-deoxyspergualin, respectively. Increases in splenic Treg and Tol-DC were observed in tolerant recipients as assessed by an increase in CD4+CD25+ T cells and DC with immature phenotype. Both these cell types exerted suppressive effects in MLR. Tol-DC purified from tolerant recipients incubated with naive T cells induced the generation/expansion of CD4+CD25+ Treg. Furthermore, incubation of Treg isolated from tolerant recipients with DC progenitors resulted in the generation of DC with Tol-DC phenotype. Treg and Tol-DC generated in vitro were functional based on their suppressive activity in vitro. These results are consistent with the notion that tolerance induction is associated with a self-maintaining regulatory loop in which Tol-DC induce the generation of Treg from naive T cells and Treg programs the generation of Tol-DC from DC progenitors.
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