| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
* Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115; and
Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA 02140
Programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L)1 and PD-L2 are ligands for programmed death-1 (PD-1), a member of the CD28/CTLA4 family expressed on activated lymphoid cells. PD-1 contains an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif and mice deficient in PD-1 develop autoimmune disorders suggesting a defect in peripheral tolerance. Human PD-L1 and PD-L2 are expressed on immature dendritic cells (iDC) and mature dendritic cells (mDC), IFN-
-treated monocytes, and follicular dendritic cells. Using mAbs, we show that blockade of PD-L2 on dendritic cells results in enhanced T cell proliferation and cytokine production, including that of IFN- and IL-10, while blockade of PD-L1 results in similar, more modest, effects. Blockade of both PD-L1 and PD-L2 showed an additive effect. Both whole mAb and Fab enhanced T cell activation, showing that PD-L1 and PD-L2 function to inhibit T cell activation. Enhancement of T cell activation was most pronounced with weak APC, such as iDCs and IL-10-pretreated mDCs, and less pronounced with strong APC such as mDCs. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that iDC have a balance of stimulatory vs inhibitory molecules that favors inhibition, and indicate that PD-L1 and PD-L2 contribute to the poor stimulatory capacity of iDC. PD-L1 expression differs from PD-L2 in that PD-L1 is expressed on activated T cells, placental trophoblasts, myocardial endothelium, and cortical thymic epithelial cells. In contrast, PD-L2 is expressed on placental endothelium and medullary thymic epithelial cells. PD-L1 is also highly expressed on most carcinomas but minimally expressed on adjacent normal tissue suggesting a role in attenuating antitumor immune responses.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  T. Nagamatsu, D. J. Schust, J. Sugimoto, and B. F. Barrier Human decidual stromal cells suppress cytokine secretion by allogenic CD4+ T cells via PD-1 ligand interactions Hum. Reprod., December 1, 2009; 24(12): 3160 - 3171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. E. Campbell, N. B. Tustin, E. Riedel, R. Tustin III, J. Taylor, J. Murray, and S. D. Douglas Cryopreservation Decreases Receptor PD-1 and Ligand PD-L1 Coinhibitory Expression on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell-Derived T Cells and Monocytes Clin. Vaccine Immunol., November 1, 2009; 16(11): 1648 - 1653. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Ju, S. Ju, Y. Ge, H. Qiu, B. Lu, Y. Qiu, J. Fu, G. Liu, Q. Wang, Y. Hu, et al. A novel approach to induce human DCs from monocytes by triggering 4-1BBL reverse signaling Int. Immunol., October 1, 2009; 21(10): 1135 - 1144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Wilcox, A. L. Feldman, D. A. Wada, Z.-Z. Yang, N. I. Comfere, H. Dong, E. D. Kwon, A. J. Novak, S. N. Markovic, M. R. Pittelkow, et al. B7-H1 (PD-L1, CD274) suppresses host immunity in T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders Blood, September 3, 2009; 114(10): 2149 - 2158. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Zhang, T. F. Gajewski, and J. Kline PD-1/PD-L1 interactions inhibit antitumor immune responses in a murine acute myeloid leukemia model Blood, August 20, 2009; 114(8): 1545 - 1552. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Carreras, A. Lopez-Guillermo, G. Roncador, N. Villamor, L. Colomo, A. Martinez, R. Hamoudi, W. J. Howat, E. Montserrat, and E. Campo High Numbers of Tumor-Infiltrating Programmed Cell Death 1-Positive Regulatory Lymphocytes Are Associated With Improved Overall Survival in Follicular Lymphoma J. Clin. Oncol., March 20, 2009; 27(9): 1470 - 1476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. D. Reynoso, K. G. Elpek, L. Francisco, R. Bronson, A. Bellemare-Pelletier, A. H. Sharpe, G. J. Freeman, and S. J. Turley Intestinal Tolerance Is Converted to Autoimmune Enteritis upon PD-1 Ligand Blockade J. Immunol., February 15, 2009; 182(4): 2102 - 2112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Finnefrock, A. Tang, F. Li, D. C. Freed, M. Feng, K. S. Cox, K. J. Sykes, J. P. Guare, M. D. Miller, D. B. Olsen, et al. PD-1 Blockade in Rhesus Macaques: Impact on Chronic Infection and Prophylactic Vaccination J. Immunol., January 15, 2009; 182(2): 980 - 987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Yu, A. Shahsafaei, and D. M. Dorfman Germinal-Center T-Helper-Cell Markers PD-1 and CXCL13 Are Both Expressed by Neoplastic Cells in Angioimmunoblastic T-Cell Lymphoma Am J Clin Pathol, January 1, 2009; 131(1): 33 - 41. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. L. Kinter, E. J. Godbout, J. P. McNally, I. Sereti, G. A. Roby, M. A. O'Shea, and A. S. Fauci The Common {gamma}-Chain Cytokines IL-2, IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21 Induce the Expression of Programmed Death-1 and Its Ligands J. Immunol., November 15, 2008; 181(10): 6738 - 6746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. S. Kim, G. B. Park, H.-K. Lee, H. Song, I.-H. Choi, W. J. Lee, and D. Y. Hur Cross-Linking of B7-H1 on EBV-Transformed B Cells Induces Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species Production, JNK Signaling Activation, and fasL Expression J. Immunol., November 1, 2008; 181(9): 6158 - 6169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Sun, J. Liu, P. Gao, Y. Wang, and C. Liu Expression of Ig-Like Transcript 4 Inhibitory Receptor in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Chest, October 1, 2008; 134(4): 783 - 788. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Z. D. Nightingale, C. Patkar, and A. L. Rothman Viral replication and paracrine effects result in distinct, functional responses of dendritic cells following infection with dengue 2 virus J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2008; 84(4): 1028 - 1038. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. Mozaffarian, A. E. Wiedeman, and A. M. Stevens Active systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with failure of antigen-presenting cells to express programmed death ligand-1 Rheumatology, September 1, 2008; 47(9): 1335 - 1341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. J. Freeman Structures of PD-1 with its ligands: Sideways and dancing cheek to cheek PNAS, July 29, 2008; 105(30): 10275 - 10276. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Kirkwood, A. A. Tarhini, M. C. Panelli, S. J. Moschos, H. M. Zarour, L. H. Butterfield, and H. J. Gogas Next Generation of Immunotherapy for Melanoma J. Clin. Oncol., July 10, 2008; 26(20): 3445 - 3455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Hayashi, T. Kouki, N. Takasu, S. Sunagawa, and I. Komiya Association of an A/C single nucleotide polymorphism in programmed cell death-ligand 1 gene with Graves' disease in Japanese patients. Eur. J. Endocrinol., June 1, 2008; 158(6): 817 - 822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A. Benedict, A. Loewendorf, Z. Garcia, B. R. Blazar, and E. M. Janssen Dendritic Cell Programming by Cytomegalovirus Stunts Naive T Cell Responses via the PD-L1/PD-1 Pathway J. Immunol., April 1, 2008; 180(7): 4836 - 4847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Li, X. Zhang, X. Zheng, D. Lian, Z.-X. Zhang, H. Sun, M. Suzuki, C. Vladau, X. Huang, X. Xia, et al. Tolerogenic dendritic cells transferring hyporesponsiveness and synergizing T regulatory cells in transplant tolerance Int. Immunol., February 1, 2008; 20(2): 285 - 293. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Keir, G. J. Freeman, and A. H. Sharpe PD-1 Regulates Self-Reactive CD8+ T Cell Responses to Antigen in Lymph Nodes and Tissues J. Immunol., October 15, 2007; 179(8): 5064 - 5070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Wong, R. R. Scotland, R. L. Lau, C. Wang, A. J. Korman, W. M. Kast, and J. S. Weber Programmed death-1 blockade enhances expansion and functional capacity of human melanoma antigen-specific CTLs Int. Immunol., October 1, 2007; 19(10): 1223 - 1234. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Shen, Y. Jin, G. J. Freeman, A. H. Sharpe, and M. R. Dana The Function of Donor versus Recipient Programmed Death-Ligand 1 in Corneal Allograft Survival J. Immunol., September 15, 2007; 179(6): 3672 - 3679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Okazaki and T. Honjo PD-1 and PD-1 ligands: from discovery to clinical application Int. Immunol., July 2, 2007; (2007) dxm057v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Liu, A. Hamrouni, D. Wolowiec, V. Coiteux, K. Kuliczkowski, D. Hetuin, A. Saudemont, and B. Quesnel Plasma cells from multiple myeloma patients express B7-H1 (PD-L1) and increase expression after stimulation with IFN-{gamma} and TLR ligands via a MyD88-, TRAF6-, and MEK-dependent pathway Blood, July 1, 2007; 110(1): 296 - 304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. V. Goldberg, C. H. Maris, E. L. Hipkiss, A. S. Flies, L. Zhen, R. M. Tuder, J. F. Grosso, T. J. Harris, D. Getnet, K. A. Whartenby, et al. Role of PD-1 and its ligand, B7-H1, in early fate decisions of CD8 T cells Blood, July 1, 2007; 110(1): 186 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Waeckerle-Men, A. Starke, and R. P. Wuthrich PD-L1 partially protects renal tubular epithelial cells from the attack of CD8+cytotoxic T cells Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., June 1, 2007; 22(6): 1527 - 1536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Chen, Z. Zhang, W. Chen, Z. Zhang, Y. Li, M. Shi, J. Zhang, L. Chen, S. Wang, and F.-S. Wang B7-H1 Up-Regulation on Myeloid Dendritic Cells Significantly Suppresses T Cell Immune Function in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B J. Immunol., May 15, 2007; 178(10): 6634 - 6641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-S. Chung, K. Sato, I. I. Dougherty, P. D. Cruz Jr, and K. Ariizumi DC-HIL is a negative regulator of T lymphocyte activation Blood, May 15, 2007; 109(10): 4320 - 4327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Li, X. Zhang, X. Zheng, D. Lian, Z.-X. Zhang, W. Ge, J. Yang, C. Vladau, M. Suzuki, D. Chen, et al. Immune Modulation and Tolerance Induction by RelB-Silenced Dendritic Cells through RNA Interference J. Immunol., May 1, 2007; 178(9): 5480 - 5487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. R. Nazareth, L. Broderick, M. R. Simpson-Abelson, R. J. Kelleher Jr., S. J. Yokota, and R. B. Bankert Characterization of Human Lung Tumor-Associated Fibroblasts and Their Ability to Modulate the Activation of Tumor-Associated T Cells J. Immunol., May 1, 2007; 178(9): 5552 - 5562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Radziewicz, C. C. Ibegbu, M. L. Fernandez, K. A. Workowski, K. Obideen, M. Wehbi, H. L. Hanson, J. P. Steinberg, D. Masopust, E. J. Wherry, et al. Liver-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Chronic Human Hepatitis C Virus Infection Display an Exhausted Phenotype with High Levels of PD-1 and Low Levels of CD127 Expression J. Virol., March 15, 2007; 81(6): 2545 - 2553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. E. Krambeck, H. Dong, R. H. Thompson, S. M. Kuntz, C. M. Lohse, B. C. Leibovich, M. L. Blute, T. J. Sebo, J. C. Cheville, A. S. Parker, et al. Survivin and B7-H1 Are Collaborative Predictors of Survival and Represent Potential Therapeutic Targets for Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., March 15, 2007; 13(6): 1749 - 1756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Maier, M. Isogawa, G. J. Freeman, and F. V. Chisari PD-1:PD-L1 Interactions Contribute to the Functional Suppression of Virus-Specific CD8+ T Lymphocytes in the Liver J. Immunol., March 1, 2007; 178(5): 2714 - 2720. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Perrot, D. Blanchard, N. Freymond, S. Isaac, B. Guibert, Y. Pacheco, and S. Lebecque Dendritic Cells Infiltrating Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Are Blocked at Immature Stage J. Immunol., March 1, 2007; 178(5): 2763 - 2769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Mitchell, C. Germain, P. L. Fiori, W. Khamri, G. R. Foster, S. Ghosh, R. I. Lechler, K. B. Bamford, and G. Lombardi Chronic Exposure to Helicobacter pylori Impairs Dendritic Cell Function and Inhibits Th1 Development Infect. Immun., February 1, 2007; 75(2): 810 - 819. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. H. Thompson, H. Dong, and E. D. Kwon Implications of B7-H1 Expression in Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Kidney for Prognostication and Therapy Clin. Cancer Res., January 15, 2007; 13(2): 709s - 715s. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Urbani, B. Amadei, D. Tola, M. Massari, S. Schivazappa, G. Missale, and C. Ferrari PD-1 Expression in Acute Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection Is Associated with HCV-Specific CD8 Exhaustion J. Virol., November 15, 2006; 80(22): 11398 - 11403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Shi, K. Luo, D. Xia, T. Chen, G. Chen, Y. Jiang, N. Li, and X. Cao DIgR2, dendritic cell-derived immunoglobulin receptor 2, is one representative of a family of IgSF inhibitory receptors and mediates negative regulation of dendritic cell-initiated antigen-specific T-cell responses Blood, October 15, 2006; 108(8): 2678 - 2686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. J. Freeman, E. J. Wherry, R. Ahmed, and A. H. Sharpe Reinvigorating exhausted HIV-specific T cells via PD-1-PD-1 ligand blockade J. Exp. Med., October 2, 2006; 203(10): 2223 - 2227. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. H. Thompson, S. M. Kuntz, B. C. Leibovich, H. Dong, C. M. Lohse, W. S. Webster, S. Sengupta, I. Frank, A. S. Parker, H. Zincke, et al. Tumor B7-H1 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients with Long-term Follow-up. Cancer Res., April 1, 2006; 66(7): 3381 - 3385. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. K. Kim, H. Guan, G. Zu, H. Li, L. Wu, X. Feng, C. Elmets, Y. Fu, and H. Xu High-level expression of B7-H1 molecules by dendritic cells suppresses the function of activated T cells and desensitizes allergen-primed animals J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2006; 79(4): 686 - 695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Stagg, S. Pommey, N. Eliopoulos, and J. Galipeau Interferon-{gamma}-stimulated marrow stromal cells: a new type of nonhematopoietic antigen-presenting cell Blood, March 15, 2006; 107(6): 2570 - 2577. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. E. Keir, Y. E. Latchman, G. J. Freeman, and A. H. Sharpe Programmed Death-1 (PD-1):PD-Ligand 1 Interactions Inhibit TCR-Mediated Positive Selection of Thymocytes J. Immunol., December 1, 2005; 175(11): 7372 - 7379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. G. Petroff, E. Kharatyan, D. S. Torry, and L. Holets The Immunomodulatory Proteins B7-DC, B7-H2, and B7-H3 Are Differentially Expressed across Gestation in the Human Placenta Am. J. Pathol., August 1, 2005; 167(2): 465 - 473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-J. E. Beavitt, K. W. Harder, J. M. Kemp, J. Jones, C. Quilici, F. Casagranda, E. Lam, D. Turner, S. Brennan, P. D. Sly, et al. Lyn-Deficient Mice Develop Severe, Persistent Asthma: Lyn Is a Critical Negative Regulator of Th2 Immunity J. Immunol., August 1, 2005; 175(3): 1867 - 1875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. E. Sandner, M. R. Clarkson, A. D. Salama, A. Sanchez-Fueyo, C. Domenig, A. Habicht, N. Najafian, H. Yagita, M. Azuma, L. A. Turka, et al. Role of the Programmed Death-1 Pathway in Regulation of Alloimmune Responses In Vivo J. Immunol., March 15, 2005; 174(6): 3408 - 3415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Magnus, B. Schreiner, T. Korn, C. Jack, H. Guo, J. Antel, I. Ifergan, L. Chen, F. Bischof, A. Bar-Or, et al. Microglial Expression of the B7 Family Member B7 Homolog 1 Confers Strong Immune Inhibition: Implications for Immune Responses and Autoimmunity in the CNS J. Neurosci., March 9, 2005; 25(10): 2537 - 2546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Hirata, S. Senju, H. Matsuyoshi, D. Fukuma, Y. Uemura, and Y. Nishimura Prevention of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Transfer of Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Dendritic Cells Expressing Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Peptide along with TRAIL or Programmed Death-1 Ligand J. Immunol., February 15, 2005; 174(4): 1888 - 1897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Hirano, K. Kaneko, H. Tamura, H. Dong, S. Wang, M. Ichikawa, C. Rietz, D. B. Flies, J. S. Lau, G. Zhu, et al. Blockade of B7-H1 and PD-1 by Monoclonal Antibodies Potentiates Cancer Therapeutic Immunity Cancer Res., February 1, 2005; 65(3): 1089 - 1096. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. K. Levings, S. Gregori, E. Tresoldi, S. Cazzaniga, C. Bonini, and M. G. Roncarolo Differentiation of Tr1 cells by immature dendritic cells requires IL-10 but not CD25+CD4+ Tr cells Blood, February 1, 2005; 105(3): 1162 - 1169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. Schoop, P. Wahl, M. Le Hir, U. Heemann, M. Wang, and R. P. Wuthrich Suppressed T-cell activation by IFN-{gamma}-induced expression of PD-L1 on renal tubular epithelial cells Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., November 1, 2004; 19(11): 2713 - 2720. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y.-F. He, G.-M. Zhang, X.-H. Wang, H. Zhang, Y. Yuan, D. Li, and Z.-H. Feng Blocking Programmed Death-1 Ligand-PD-1 Interactions by Local Gene Therapy Results in Enhancement of Antitumor Effect of Secondary Lymphoid Tissue Chemokine J. Immunol., October 15, 2004; 173(8): 4919 - 4928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Saudemont and B. Quesnel In a model of tumor dormancy, long-term persistent leukemic cells have increased B7-H1 and B7.1 expression and resist CTL-mediated lysis Blood, October 1, 2004; 104(7): 2124 - 2133. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X. Zhong, C. Bai, W. Gao, T. B. Strom, and T. L. Rothstein Suppression of expression and function of negative immune regulator PD-1 by certain pattern recognition and cytokine receptor signals associated with immune system danger Int. Immunol., August 1, 2004; 16(8): 1181 - 1188. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Konishi, K. Yamazaki, M. Azuma, I. Kinoshita, H. Dosaka-Akita, and M. Nishimura B7-H1 Expression on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells and Its Relationship with Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Their PD-1 Expression Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2004; 10(15): 5094 - 5100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. E. Latchman, S. C. Liang, Y. Wu, T. Chernova, R. A. Sobel, M. Klemm, V. K. Kuchroo, G. J. Freeman, and A. H. Sharpe PD-L1-deficient mice show that PD-L1 on T cells, antigen-presenting cells, and host tissues negatively regulates T cells PNAS, July 20, 2004; 101(29): 10691 - 10696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. Chemnitz, R. V. Parry, K. E. Nichols, C. H. June, and J. L. Riley SHP-1 and SHP-2 Associate with Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Switch Motif of Programmed Death 1 upon Primary Human T Cell Stimulation, but Only Receptor Ligation Prevents T Cell Activation J. Immunol., July 15, 2004; 173(2): 945 - 954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Smith, C. M. Walsh, N. E. Mangan, R. E. Fallon, J. R. Sayers, A. N. J. McKenzie, and P. G. Fallon Schistosoma mansoni Worms Induce Anergy of T Cells via Selective Up-Regulation of Programmed Death Ligand 1 on Macrophages J. Immunol., July 15, 2004; 173(2): 1240 - 1248. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. J. de Heer, H. Hammad, T. Soullie, D. Hijdra, N. Vos, M. A.M. Willart, H. C. Hoogsteden, and B. N. Lambrecht Essential Role of Lung Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Preventing Asthmatic Reactions to Harmless Inhaled Antigen J. Exp. Med., July 6, 2004; 200(1): 89 - 98. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Y. Balkhi, V. K. Latchumanan, B. Singh, P. Sharma, and K. Natarajan Cross-regulation of CD86 by CD80 differentially regulates T helper responses from Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretory antigen-activated dendritic cell subsets J. Leukoc. Biol., May 1, 2004; 75(5): 874 - 883. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. J. Prud'homme Altering immune tolerance therapeutically: the power of negative thinking J. Leukoc. Biol., April 1, 2004; 75(4): 586 - 599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. F. Nolan, V. Strong, D. Soler, P. J. Fairchild, S. P. Cobbold, R. Croxton, J.-A. Gonzalo, A. Rubio, M. Wells, and H. Waldmann IL-10-Conditioned Dendritic Cells, Decommissioned for Recruitment of Adaptive Immunity, Elicit Innate Inflammatory Gene Products in Response to Danger Signals J. Immunol., February 15, 2004; 172(4): 2201 - 2209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Steinberger, O. Majdic, S. V. Derdak, K. Pfistershammer, S. Kirchberger, C. Klauser, G. Zlabinger, W. F. Pickl, J. Stockl, and W. Knapp Molecular Characterization of Human 4Ig-B7-H3, a Member of the B7 Family with Four Ig-Like Domains J. Immunol., February 15, 2004; 172(4): 2352 - 2359. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Matsumoto, H. Inoue, T. Nakano, M. Tsuda, Y. Yoshiura, S. Fukuyama, F. Tsushima, T. Hoshino, H. Aizawa, H. Akiba, et al. B7-DC Regulates Asthmatic Response by an IFN-{gamma}-Dependent Mechanism J. Immunol., February 15, 2004; 172(4): 2530 - 2541. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S.-F. Wu, T.-M. Liu, Y.-C. Lin, H.-K. Sytwu, H.-F. Juan, S.-T. Chen, K.-L. Shen, S.-C. Hsi, and S.-L. Hsieh Immunomodulatory effect of decoy receptor 3 on the differentiation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in nonobese diabetic mice: from regulatory mechanism to clinical implication J. Leukoc. Biol., February 1, 2004; 75(2): 293 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
I. Lee, L. Wang, A. D. Wells, Q. Ye, R. Han, M. E. Dorf, W. A. Kuziel, B. J. Rollins, L. Chen, and W. W. Hancock Blocking the Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1/CCR2 Chemokine Pathway Induces Permanent Survival of Islet Allografts through a Programmed Death-1 Ligand-1-Dependent Mechanism J. Immunol., December 15, 2003; 171(12): 6929 - 6935. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Wintterle, B. Schreiner, M. Mitsdoerffer, D. Schneider, L. Chen, R. Meyermann, M. Weller, and H. Wiendl Expression of the B7-Related Molecule B7-H1 by Glioma Cells: A Potential Mechanism of Immune Paralysis Cancer Res., November 1, 2003; 63(21): 7462 - 7467. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. R. Blazar, B. M. Carreno, A. Panoskaltsis-Mortari, L. Carter, Y. Iwai, H. Yagita, H. Nishimura, and P. A. Taylor Blockade of Programmed Death-1 Engagement Accelerates Graft-Versus-Host Disease Lethality by an IFN-{gamma}-Dependent Mechanism J. Immunol., August 1, 2003; 171(3): 1272 - 1277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. Shin, G. Kennedy, K. Gorski, H. Tsuchiya, H. Koseki, M. Azuma, H. Yagita, L. Chen, J. Powell, D. Pardoll, et al. Cooperative B7-1/2 (CD80/CD86) and B7-DC Costimulation of CD4+ T Cells Independent of the PD-1 Receptor J. Exp. Med., July 7, 2003; 198(1): 31 - 38. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. G. Petroff, L. Chen, T. A. Phillips, D. Azzola, P. Sedlmayr, and J. S. Hunt B7 Family Molecules Are Favorably Positioned at the Human Maternal-Fetal Interface Biol Reprod, May 1, 2003; 68(5): 1496 - 1504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
