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* Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan;
Department of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan;
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Saitama, Japan; and
Department of Immune Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
Mast cells and basophils involved in allergic responses do not have
clonotypic Ag receptors. However, they can acquire Ag specificity
through binding of Ag-specific IgE to Fc
RI expressed on their
surface. Previous studies demonstrated that IgE binding induced the
stabilization and accumulation of FcRI on the cell surface and
resulted in up-regulation of FcRI. In this study we have further
analyzed the maintenance of IgE-mediated memory in mast cells and
basophils in vivo by comparing kinetics of serum IgE levels, FcRI
expression, and ability to induce systemic anaphylaxis. A single i.v.
injection of trinitrophenyl-specific IgE induced 8-fold up-regulation
of FcRI expression on peritoneal mast cells in B cell-deficient
(µm-/-) mice. Serum IgE levels became undetectable by
day 6, but the treatment of mice with anti-IgE mAb induced a
significant drop in body temperature on days 14, 28, and 42. The
administration of trinitrophenyl -BSA, but not BSA, in place of
anti-IgE mAb gave similar results, indicating the Ag specificity of
the allergic response. This long term maintenance of Ag-specific
reactivity in the allergic response was also observed in normal mice
passively sensitized with IgE even though the duration was shorter than
that in B cell-deficient mice. The appearance of IgE with a different
specificity did not interfere with the maintenance of IgE-mediated
memory of mast cells and basophils. These results suggest that
IgE-mediated stabilization and up-regulation of FcRI enables mast
cells and basophils not only to acquire Ag specificity, but also to
maintain memory in vivo for lengthy periods of
time.
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