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Departments of
* Microbiology/Immunology,
Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), and
Pediatrics (Neonatology),
Walther Oncology Center, and
¶ Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202;
|| Walther Cancer Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46208; and
# Laboratory of Immunology and Hematopoiesis, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
Hemopoiesis is regulated in part by survival/apoptosis of
hemopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Exogenously added stromal
cell-derived factor-1 ((SDF-1)/CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL)12) enhances
survival/antiapoptosis of myeloid progenitor cells in vitro. To
further evaluate SDF-1/CXCL12 effects on progenitor cell
survival, transgenic mice endogenously expressing SDF-1/CXCL12 under a
Rous sarcoma virus promoter were produced. Myeloid progenitors
(CFU-granulocyte-macrophage, burst-forming
unit-erythroid,
CFU-granulocyte-erythrocyte-megakaryocyte-monocyte) from transgenic
mice were studied for in vitro survival in the context of
delayed addition of growth factors. SDF-1-expressing transgenic myeloid
progenitors were enhanced in survival and antiapoptosis compared with
their wild-type littermate counterparts. Survival-enhancing effects
were due to release of low levels of SDF-1/CXCL12 and mediated through
CXCR4 and G
i proteins as determined by ELISA, an
antagonist to CXCR4, Abs to CXCR4 and SDF-1, and pertussis toxin.
Transgenic effects of low SDF-1/CXCR4 may be due to synergy of
SDF-1/CXCL12 with other cytokines; low SDF-1/CXCL12 synergizes
with low concentrations of other cytokines to enhance survival of
normal mouse myeloid progenitors. Consistent with in vitro results,
progenitors from SDF-1/CXCL12 transgenic mice displayed enhanced marrow
and splenic myelopoiesis: greatly increased progenitor cell cycling and
significant increases in progenitor cell numbers. These results
substantiate survival effects of SDF-1/CXCL12, now extended to
progenitors engineered to endogenously produce low levels of this
cytokine, and demonstrate activity in vivo for SDF-1/CXCL12 in addition
to cell trafficking.
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