HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Vogel, T. U. Articles by Watkins, D. I. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Vogel, T. U. Articles by Watkins, D. I.

Differences Between T Cell Epitopes Recognized After Immunization and After Infection¹

Thorsten U. Vogel^2,*, Helen Horton^2,*, Deborah H. Fuller, Donald K. Carter^*, Kathy Vielhuber^*, David H. O’Connor^*, Tim Shipley, Jim Fuller, Gerd Sutter, Volker Erfle, Nancy Wilson^*, Louis J. Picker^¶ and David I. Watkins^3,*,

^* Wisconsin National Primate Research Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715; PowderJect Vaccines, Inc., Madison, WI 53711; GSF-Institute for Molecular Virology, Munich, Germany; and ^¶ Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health Sciences University, Beaverton, OR 97006

Evidence suggests that cellular immune responses play a crucial role in the control of HIV and SIV replication in infected individuals. Several vaccine strategies have therefore targeted these CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ responses. Whether vaccination induces the same repertoire of responses seen after infection is, however, a key unanswered question in HIV vaccine development. We therefore compared the epitope specificity induced by vaccination to that present postchallenge in the peripheral blood. Intracellular cytokine staining of PBMC stimulated with overlapping 15/20-mer peptides spanning the proteins of SIV were measured after DNA/modified vaccinia Ankara vaccination of eight rhesus macaques. Lymphocytes from 8 animals recognized a total of 39 CD8 epitopes and 41 CD4 epitopes encoded by the vaccine. T cell responses were again monitored after challenge with SIVmac239 to investigate the evolution of these responses. Only 57% of all CD8⁺ T cell responses and 19% of all CD4⁺ T cell responses present after vaccination were recalled after infection as measured in the peripheral blood. Interestingly, 29 new CD8 epitopes and 5 new CD4 epitopes were recognized by PBMC in the acute phase. These new epitopes were not detected after vaccination, and only some of them were maintained in the chronic phase (33% of CD8 and no CD4 responses). Additionally, 24 new CD8 epitopes and 7 new CD4 epitopes were recognized by PBMC in the chronic phase of infection. The repertoire of the immune response detected in the peripheral blood after immunization substantially differed from the immune response detected in the peripheral blood after infection.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. R. Reynolds, A. M. Weiler, K. L. Weisgrau, S. M. Piaskowski, J. R. Furlott, J. T. Weinfurter, M. Kaizu, T. Soma, E. J. Leon, C. MacNair, et al. Macaques vaccinated with live-attenuated SIV control replication of heterologous virus J. Exp. Med., October 6, 2008; (2008) jem.20081524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Giraldo-Vela, R. Rudersdorf, C. Chung, Y. Qi, L. T. Wallace, B. Bimber, G. J. Borchardt, D. L. Fisk, C. E. Glidden, J. T. Loffredo, et al. The Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Alleles Mamu-DRB1*1003 and -DRB1*0306 Are Enriched in a Cohort of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaque Elite Controllers J. Virol., January 15, 2008; 82(2): 859 - 870. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. B. McDermott, D. H. O'Connor, S. Fuenger, S. Piaskowski, S. Martin, J. Loffredo, M. Reynolds, J. Reed, J. Furlott, T. Jacoby, et al. Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Escape Does Not Always Explain the Transient Control of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239 Viremia in Adenovirus-Boosted and DNA-Primed Mamu-A*01-Positive Rhesus Macaques J. Virol., December 15, 2005; 79(24): 15556 - 15566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Koopman, D. Mortier, S. Hofman, H. Niphuis, Z. Fagrouch, S. Norley, G. Sutter, P. Liljestrom, and J. L. Heeney Vaccine protection from CD4+ T-cell loss caused by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac251 is afforded by sequential immunization with three unrelated vaccine vectors encoding multiple SIV antigens J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2004; 85(10): 2915 - 2924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Boudinot, D. Bernard, S. Boubekeur, M.-I. Thoulouze, M. Bremont, and A. Benmansour The glycoprotein of a fish rhabdovirus profiles the virus-specific T-cell repertoire in rainbow trout J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2004; 85(10): 3099 - 3108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Draenert, C. L. Verrill, Y. Tang, T. M. Allen, A. G. Wurcel, M. Boczanowski, A. Lechner, A. Y. Kim, T. Suscovich, N. V. Brown, et al. Persistent Recognition of Autologous Virus by High-Avidity CD8 T Cells in Chronic, Progressive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection J. Virol., January 15, 2004; 78(2): 630 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. H. O'Connor, B. R. Mothe, J. T. Weinfurter, S. Fuenger, W. M. Rehrauer, P. Jing, R. R. Rudersdorf, M. E. Liebl, K. Krebs, J. Vasquez, et al. Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Alleles Associated with Slow Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Progression Bind Epitopes Recognized by Dominant Acute-Phase Cytotoxic-T-Lymphocyte Responses J. Virol., August 15, 2003; 77(16): 9029 - 9040. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]