| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
-Producing Cells After Intravenous Protein Immunization1
* Section of Immunobiology, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT 06520;
Experimentelle Rheumatologie, Charité, c/o Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum, Berlin, Germany; and
Zentrum f. Molekulare Biologie, Heidelberg, Germany
The liver is tolerogenic in many situations, including as an
allograft and during the response to allogeneic MHC expressed on
hepatocytes. The majority of data that address this issue focus on
endogenous Ags. Little is known about CD4+ T cells and
their fate under tolerizing conditions, especially with respect to
fully differentiated CD4+ effector T cells. In this study,
we used the adoptive transfer of populations of TCR-transgenic
CD4+ T cells, skewed toward the Th1 or Th2 phenotype, to
test whether either apoptotic or immune deviation mechanisms apply to
cytokine-producing CD4+ T cells that enter the liver. After
transfer, Th1 and Th2 cells could be detected up to 25 days in lymphoid
organs and the liver. Intravenous high dose Ag application resulted in
accumulation, proliferation, and subsequent deletion of effector cells
within the liver. Th1 cells lost their capacity to produce cytokines,
whereas IL-4 expression was sustained within Th2 cells from the liver.
However, there was no evidence for a deviation of Th1-programmed cells
toward a Th2 (IL-4) or regulatory T cell (IL-10) pattern of cytokine
expression. We used isolated populations of liver-derived APCs to test
whether the liver had the capacity to impose a bias toward IL-4
expression in T cells. These experiments showed that liver sinusoidal
endothelial cells selectively suppress the expansion of
IFN-
-producing cells, yet they promote the outgrowth of
IL-4-expressing Th2 cells, creating an immune suppressive milieu within
this organ. These data suggest that presentation of Ags in the liver
leads to modulation of immune response in terms of quantity and
quality.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  F. Blumenthal-Barby, K. Eulenburg, A. Schrage, M. Zeitz, A. Hamann, and K. Klugewitz In vivo modulation of antigen-experienced cells in response to high-dose oral antigen: deletion but no evidence for alterations in the cytokine phenotype Int. Immunol., July 1, 2008; 20(7): 893 - 900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. E. Hendrickson, T. E. Chadwick, J. D. Roback, C. D. Hillyer, and J. C. Zimring Inflammation enhances consumption and presentation of transfused RBC antigens by dendritic cells Blood, October 1, 2007; 110(7): 2736 - 2743. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 N. K. Polakos, I. Klein, M. V. Richter, D. M. Zaiss, M. Giannandrea, I. N. Crispe, and D. J. Topham Early Intrahepatic Accumulation of CD8+ T Cells Provides a Source of Effectors for Nonhepatic Immune Responses J. Immunol., July 1, 2007; 179(1): 201 - 210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Jennrich, B. A. Ratsch, A. Hamann, and U. Syrbe Long-Term Commitment to Inflammation-Seeking Homing in CD4+ Effector Cells J. Immunol., June 15, 2007; 178(12): 8073 - 8080. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Tartz, J. Kamanova, M. Simsova, P. Sebo, S. Bolte, V. Heussler, B. Fleischer, and T. Jacobs Immunization with a Circumsporozoite Epitope Fused to Bordetella pertussis Adenylate Cyclase in Conjunction with Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen 4 Blockade Confers Protection against Plasmodium berghei Liver-Stage Malaria Infect. Immun., April 1, 2006; 74(4): 2277 - 2285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Sun, B. Tumurbaatar, J. Jia, H. Diao, F. Bodola, S. M. Lemon, W. Tang, D. G. Bowen, G. W. McCaughan, P. Bertolino, et al. Parenchymal Expression of CD86/B7.2 Contributes to Hepatitis C Virus-Related Liver Injury J. Virol., August 15, 2005; 79(16): 10730 - 10739. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Korten, R. J. Anderson, C. M. Hannan, E. G. Sheu, R. Sinden, S. Gadola, M. Taniguchi, and A. V. S. Hill Invariant V{alpha}14 Chain NKT Cells Promote Plasmodium berghei Circumsporozoite Protein-Specific Gamma Interferon- and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Producing CD8+ T Cells in the Liver after Poxvirus Vaccination of Mice Infect. Immun., February 1, 2005; 73(2): 849 - 858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
B. A. Rabinovich, J. Li, J. Shannon, R. Hurren, J. Chalupny, D. Cosman, and R. G. Miller Activated, But Not Resting, T Cells Can Be Recognized and Killed by Syngeneic NK Cells J. Immunol., April 1, 2003; 170(7): 3572 - 3576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
