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Cutting Edge |
Promoter in the Toll-Like Receptor Signaling1
Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, and Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Suita, Osaka, Japan
MyD88 is a Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing
adapter common to signaling pathways via Toll-like receptor (TLR)
family. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates the existence of a
MyD88-independent pathway, which may explain unique biological
responses of individual TLRs, particularly TLR3 and TLR4. TIR
domain-containing adapter protein (TIRAP)/MyD88 adapter-like, a
second adapter harboring the TIR domain, is essential for
MyD88-dependent TLR2 and TLR4 signaling pathways, but not for
MyD88-independent pathways. Here, we identified a novel TIR
domain-containing molecule, named TIR domain-containing adapter
inducing IFN-
(TRIF). As is the case in MyD88 and TIRAP,
overexpression of TRIF activated the NF-
B-dependent promoter.
A dominant-negative form of TRIF inhibited TLR2-, TLR4-, and
TLR7-dependent NF-
B activation. Furthermore, TRIF, but neither MyD88
nor TIRAP, activated the IFN-
promoter. Dominant-negative TRIF
inhibited TLR3-dependent activation of both the NF-
B-dependent and
IFN-
promoters. TRIF associated with TLR3 and IFN regulatory factor
3. These findings suggest that TRIF is involved in the TLR signaling,
particularly in the MyD88-independent pathway.
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P. Winkler, D. Ghadimi, J. Schrezenmeir, and J.-P. Kraehenbuhl Molecular and Cellular Basis of Microflora-Host Interactions J. Nutr., March 1, 2007; 137(3): 756S - 772S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. M. Sacre, A. M. C. Lundberg, E. Andreakos, C. Taylor, M. Feldmann, and B. M. Foxwell Selective Use of TRAM in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) Induced NF-{kappa}B Activation and Cytokine Production in Primary Human Cells: TRAM Is an Adaptor for LPS and LTA Signaling J. Immunol., February 15, 2007; 178(4): 2148 - 2154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Pevsner-Fischer, V. Morad, M. Cohen-Sfady, L. Rousso-Noori, A. Zanin-Zhorov, S. Cohen, I. R. Cohen, and D. Zipori Toll-like receptors and their ligands control mesenchymal stem cell functions Blood, February 15, 2007; 109(4): 1422 - 1432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M.-F. Tsan and Baochong Gao Review: Pathogen-associated molecular pattern contamination as putative endogenous ligands of Toll-like receptors Innate Immunity, February 1, 2007; 13(1): 6 - 14. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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K. Nasu, H. Itoh, A. Yuge, M. Nishida, and H. Narahara Human oviductal epithelial cells express Toll-like receptor 3 and respond to double-stranded RNA: Fallopian tube-specific mucosal immunity against viral infection Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2007; 22(2): 356 - 361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Z. Chen, Y. Benureau, R. Rijnbrand, J. Yi, T. Wang, L. Warter, R. E. Lanford, S. A. Weinman, S. M. Lemon, A. Martin, et al. GB Virus B Disrupts RIG-I Signaling by NS3/4A-Mediated Cleavage of the Adaptor Protein MAVS J. Virol., January 15, 2007; 81(2): 964 - 976. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. G. Hise, K. Daehnel, I. Gillette-Ferguson, E. Cho, H. F. McGarry, M. J. Taylor, D. T. Golenbock, K. A. Fitzgerald, J. W. Kazura, and E. Pearlman Innate Immune Responses to Endosymbiotic Wolbachia Bacteria in Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus Are Dependent on TLR2, TLR6, MyD88, and Mal, but Not TLR4, TRIF, or TRAM J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 1068 - 1076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Bagchi, E. A. Herrup, H. S. Warren, J. Trigilio, H.-S. Shin, C. Valentine, and J. Hellman MyD88-Dependent and MyD88-Independent Pathways in Synergy, Priming, and Tolerance between TLR Agonists J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 1164 - 1171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. S. Hardarson, J. S. Baker, Z. Yang, E. Purevjav, C.-H. Huang, L. Alexopoulou, N. Li, R. A. Flavell, N. E. Bowles, and J. G. Vallejo Toll-like receptor 3 is an essential component of the innate stress response in virus-induced cardiac injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2007; 292(1): H251 - H258. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Zhou, B. M. Lapointe, S. R. Clark, L. Zbytnuik, and P. Kubes A Requirement for Microglial TLR4 in Leukocyte Recruitment into Brain in Response to Lipopolysaccharide J. Immunol., December 1, 2006; 177(11): 8103 - 8110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Hacker and M. Karin Regulation and Function of IKK and IKK-Related Kinases Sci. Signal., October 17, 2006; 2006(357): re13 - re13. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Weighardt, S. Kaiser-Moore, S. Schlautkotter, T. Rossmann-Bloeck, U. Schleicher, C. Bogdan, and B. Holzmann Type I IFN Modulates Host Defense and Late Hyperinflammation in Septic Peritonitis J. Immunol., October 15, 2006; 177(8): 5623 - 5630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W. Jiang and D. S. Pisetsky The Role of IFN-{alpha} and Nitric Oxide in the Release of HMGB1 by RAW 264.7 Cells Stimulated with Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid or Lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol., September 1, 2006; 177(5): 3337 - 3343. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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V. M. Abrahams, T. M. Schaefer, J. V. Fahey, I. Visintin, J. A. Wright, P. B. Aldo, R. Romero, C. R. Wira, and G. Mor Expression and secretion of antiviral factors by trophoblast cells following stimulation by the TLR-3 agonist, Poly(I : C) Hum. Reprod., September 1, 2006; 21(9): 2432 - 2439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. D. Pawar, P. S. Patole, M. Wornle, and H.-J. Anders Microbial nucleic acids pay a Toll in kidney disease Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, September 1, 2006; 291(3): F509 - F516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Hayashi, L. C. Hooper, M. S. Chin, C. N. Nagineni, B. Detrick, and J. J. Hooks Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) DNA and immune complex (HSV-1-human IgG) elicit vigorous interleukin 6 release from infected corneal cells via Toll-like receptors. J. Gen. Virol., August 1, 2006; 87(Pt 8): 2161 - 2169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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E. M. Pietras, S. K. Saha, and Genhong Cheng The interferon response to bacterial and viral infections Innate Immunity, August 1, 2006; 12(4): 246 - 250. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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S. M. Miggin and L. A. J. O'Neill New insights into the regulation of TLR signaling J. Leukoc. Biol., August 1, 2006; 80(2): 220 - 226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. D. Turner, R. S. Langley, K. L. Johnston, G. Egerton, S. Wanji, and M. J. Taylor Wolbachia Endosymbiotic Bacteria of Brugia malayi Mediate Macrophage Tolerance to TLR- and CD40-Specific Stimuli in a MyD88/TLR2-Dependent Manner J. Immunol., July 15, 2006; 177(2): 1240 - 1249. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Warger, P. Osterloh, G. Rechtsteiner, M. Fassbender, V. Heib, B. Schmid, E. Schmitt, H. Schild, and M. P. Radsak Synergistic activation of dendritic cells by combined Toll-like receptor ligation induces superior CTL responses in vivo Blood, July 15, 2006; 108(2): 544 - 550. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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I. Bekeredjian-Ding, S. I. Roth, S. Gilles, T. Giese, A. Ablasser, V. Hornung, S. Endres, and G. Hartmann T Cell-Independent, TLR-Induced IL-12p70 Production in Primary Human Monocytes. J. Immunol., June 15, 2006; 176(12): 7438 - 7446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. E. Medvedev, I. Sabroe, J. D. Hasday, and S. N. Vogel Invited review: Tolerance to microbial TLR ligands: molecular mechanisms and relevance to disease Innate Immunity, June 1, 2006; 12(3): 133 - 150. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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G. Cheng, J. Zhong, and F. V. Chisari Inhibition of dsRNA-induced signaling in hepatitis C virus-infected cells by NS3 protease-dependent and -independent mechanisms PNAS, May 30, 2006; 103(22): 8499 - 8504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. B. Lopez, J. S. Yount, T. Hermesh, and T. M. Moran Sendai Virus Infection Induces Efficient Adaptive Immunity Independently of Type I Interferons J. Virol., May 1, 2006; 80(9): 4538 - 4545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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D. C. Rowe, A. F. McGettrick, E. Latz, B. G. Monks, N. J. Gay, M. Yamamoto, S. Akira, L. A. O'Neill, K. A. Fitzgerald, and D. T. Golenbock The myristoylation of TRIF-related adaptor molecule is essential for Toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction PNAS, April 18, 2006; 103(16): 6299 - 6304. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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