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and Lymphotoxin-
1

,

,
* Department of Molecular Immunology, Immunex, Seattle, WA 98101;
Center for Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;
Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Compton, United Kingdom;
Departments of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; and
¶ Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Suppression of bone marrow myeloid and erythroid progenitor cells
occurs after infection with a variety of different viruses. In this
study, we characterize the alterations in bone marrow (BM) lymphocytes
after influenza virus infection in mice. We found a severe loss of BM B
cells, particularly CD43low/-B220+ pre-B and
immature B cells, in influenza virus-infected mice. Depletion of BM B
lineage cells resulted primarily from cell cycle arrest and most likely
apoptosis within the BM environment, rather than from increased
trafficking of BM emigrants to peripheral lymphoid tissues. Use of
gene-knockout mice indicates that depletion of BM B cells is dependent
on TNF-
, lymphotoxin-
, and both TNF receptors, TNFR1-p55 and
TNFR2-p75. Thus, TNF-
and lymphotoxin-
are required for loss of
BM B lineage cells during respiratory infection with influenza
virus.
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