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Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717
Previous studies suggest that lymphocyte trafficking to head and
neck lymph nodes, also referred to as cranial-, oral-, nasal-associated
lymphoid tissue (CONALT), is L-selectin (L-Sel) dependent, despite
coexpression of 
4
7, resulting in their
marked reduction in L-Sel-deficient (L-Sel-/-) mice.
Consequently, early phase (16 days) Ab responses to cholera toxin (CT)
are diminished. The following studies reveal that lack of mucosal
effector responses is not caused by loss of inductive immune responses
in the L-Sel-/- CONALT. Indeed, there was an increased
accumulation of total IgA, but not Ag-specific IgA Ab-forming cells
(AFC) in L-Sel-/- CONALT. This increased accumulation was
not evident in L-Sel+/+ CONALT. Identification of
lymphocyte-homing receptors on L-Sel-/- and
L-Sel+/+ CONALT lymphocytes revealed no significant
differences in expression of 47, which
might contribute to lymphocyte homing in the absence of L-Sel. Studies
of CONALT responses during the late phase (6 wk post-intranasal
immunization) revealed the number of lymphocytes recovered from
L-Sel-/- CONALT was less than L-Sel+/+
CONALT; however, L-Sel-/- CT-specific and total
AFC did not vary from 16-day responses, suggesting a defect in
CT-specific B cell export. No significant differences in
47 expression between
L-Sel-/- and L-Sel+/+ CONALT were noted. Yet,
these increases in CONALT AFC correlated with restoration of immunity
in L-Sel-/- nasal passages and reproductive
tracts.
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