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-Dependent Inflammatory Responses in Human Keratinocytes Overexpressing the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 11
Laboratory of Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell Immacolata, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
Keratinocytes contribute relevantly to the pathogenesis of
inflammatory skin diseases by expressing a variety of proinflammatory
molecules, with T cell-derived IFN-
being the most potent
keratinocyte activator. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1 and
SOCS3 are negative regulators of IFN-
signaling and are induced in
many cell types by IFN-
itself or by other cytokines. We show in
this work that SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and cytokine-inducible
SH2-containing protein mRNA were up-regulated by IFN-
in normal
human keratinocytes, whereas only SOCS1 or SOCS1 and cytokine-inducible
SH2-containing protein were induced by TNF-
or IL-4, respectively.
SOCS1, SOCS2, and SOCS3 proteins were undetectable in healthy skin and
highly expressed in the epidermis of psoriasis and allergic contact
dermatitis, but were only weakly expressed in atopic dermatitis skin.
In keratinocytes transiently transfected with SOCS1 or SOCS3 the
IFN-
-induced transactivation of an IFN-
-responsive reporter gene
was markedly inhibited. SOCS1 and SOCS3 overexpression in keratinocyte
stable clones inhibited IFN-
-induced phosphorylation of
IFN-
R
and activation of STAT1 and STAT3. Furthermore, SOCS1 and,
to a lesser extent, SOCS3 reduced membrane expression of ICAM-1 and
HLA-DR, and release of IFN-
-inducible protein-10, monokine induced
by IFN-
, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 by
keratinocyte clones promoted by IFN-
. SOCS1-expressing keratinocytes
showed constitutively higher, but not IFN-
-inducible, IL-8 levels
compared with SOCS2 and SOCS3 clones, and were resistant to
IFN-
-mediated growth inhibition. Targeting keratinocyte SOCS1 may
represent a novel therapeutic approach to IFN-
-dependent skin
diseases.
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