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Cutting Edge |








* Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan;
Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Osaka, Japan;
Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030; and
Division of Dermatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095
The Toll-like receptor (TLR) family acts as pattern recognition
receptors for pathogen-specific molecular patterns (PAMPs). TLR2 is
essential for the signaling of a variety of PAMPs, including bacterial
lipoprotein/lipopeptides, peptidoglycan, and GPI anchors. TLR6
associates with TLR2 and recognizes diacylated mycoplasmal lipopeptide
along with TLR2. We report here that TLR1 associates with TLR2 and
recognizes the native mycobacterial 19-kDa lipoprotein along with TLR2.
Macrophages from TLR1-deficient (TLR1-/-) mice showed
impaired proinflammatory cytokine production in response to the 19-kDa
lipoprotein and a synthetic triacylated lipopeptide. In contrast,
TLR1-/- cells responded normally to diacylated
lipopeptide. TLR1 interacts with TLR2 and coexpression of TLR1 and TLR2
enhanced the NF-
B activation in response to a synthetic lipopeptide.
Furthermore, lipoprotein analogs whose acylation was modified were
preferentially recognized
by
TLR1. Taken together, TLR1 interacts with TLR2 to recognize the lipid
configuration of the native mycobacterial lipoprotein as well as
several triacylated lipopeptides.
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D. D. Bolz, R. S. Sundsbak, Y. Ma, S. Akira, J. H. Weis, T. G. Schwan, and J. J. Weis Dual Role of MyD88 in Rapid Clearance of Relapsing Fever Borrelia spp. Infect. Immun., December 1, 2006; 74(12): 6750 - 6760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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V. Flacher, M. Bouschbacher, E. Verronese, C. Massacrier, V. Sisirak, O. Berthier-Vergnes, B. de Saint-Vis, C. Caux, C. Dezutter-Dambuyant, S. Lebecque, et al. Human Langerhans Cells Express a Specific TLR Profile and Differentially Respond to Viruses and Gram-Positive Bacteria J. Immunol., December 1, 2006; 177(11): 7959 - 7967. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y. F. Lau, G. Deliyannis, W. Zeng, A. Mansell, D. C. Jackson, and L. E. Brown Lipid-containing mimetics of natural triggers of innate immunity as CTL-inducing influenza vaccines Int. Immunol., December 1, 2006; 18(12): 1801 - 1813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Triantafilou, F. G. J. Gamper, R. M. Haston, M. A. Mouratis, S. Morath, T. Hartung, and K. Triantafilou Membrane Sorting of Toll-like Receptor (TLR)-2/6 and TLR2/1 Heterodimers at the Cell Surface Determines Heterotypic Associations with CD36 and Intracellular Targeting J. Biol. Chem., October 13, 2006; 281(41): 31002 - 31011. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Li, S. Nookala, X. R. Bina, J. E. Bina, and F. Re Innate immune response to Francisella tularensis is mediated by TLR2 and caspase-1 activation J. Leukoc. Biol., October 1, 2006; 80(4): 766 - 773. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Hashimoto, K. Tawaratsumida, H. Kariya, A. Kiyohara, Y. Suda, F. Krikae, T. Kirikae, and F. Gotz Not Lipoteichoic Acid but Lipoproteins Appear to Be the Dominant Immunobiologically Active Compounds in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Immunol., September 1, 2006; 177(5): 3162 - 3169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Miyake Invited review: Roles for accessory molecules in microbial recognition by Toll-like receptors Innate Immunity, August 1, 2006; 12(4): 195 - 204. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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A. Punturieri, P. Copper, T. Polak, P. J. Christensen, and J. L. Curtis Conserved Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae-Derived TLR2-Binding Lipopeptides Synergize with IFN-beta to Increase Cytokine Production by Resident Murine and Human Alveolar Macrophages J. Immunol., July 1, 2006; 177(1): 673 - 680. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. Arcaroli, E. Silva, J. P. Maloney, Q. He, D. Svetkauskaite, J. R. Murphy, and E. Abraham Variant IRAK-1 Haplotype Is Associated with Increased Nuclear Factor-{kappa}B Activation and Worse Outcomes in Sepsis Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., June 15, 2006; 173(12): 1335 - 1341. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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P. Henneke and R. Berner Interaction of neonatal phagocytes with group B streptococcus: recognition and response. Infect. Immun., June 1, 2006; 74(6): 3085 - 3095. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Shi and J. Xiang CD4+ T cell-independent maintenance and expansion of memory CD8+ T cells derived from in vitro dendritic cell activation Int. Immunol., June 1, 2006; 18(6): 887 - 895. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Esen and T. Kielian Central Role for MyD88 in the Responses of Microglia to Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns. J. Immunol., June 1, 2006; 176(11): 6802 - 6811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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U. Buwitt-Beckmann, H. Heine, K.-H. Wiesmuller, G. Jung, R. Brock, S. Akira, and A. J. Ulmer TLR1- and TLR6-independent Recognition of Bacterial Lipopeptides J. Biol. Chem., April 7, 2006; 281(14): 9049 - 9057. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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F.-S. X. Yu and L. D. Hazlett Toll-like Receptors and the Eye. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2006; 47(4): 1255 - 1263. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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S. F. Liu and A. B. Malik NF-{kappa}B activation as a pathological mechanism of septic shock and inflammation Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, April 1, 2006; 290(4): L622 - L645. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Basler, S. Jeckstadt, P. Valentin-Weigand, and R. Goethe Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and lipopolysaccharide induce different transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of the IRG1 gene in murine macrophages J. Leukoc. Biol., March 1, 2006; 79(3): 628 - 638. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J.-S. Chang, J. F. Huggett, K. Dheda, L. U. Kim, A. Zumla, and G. A. W. Rook Myobacterium tuberculosis Induces Selective Up-Regulation of TLRs in the Mononuclear Leukocytes of Patients with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis. J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 3010 - 3018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Banaiee, E. Z. Kincaid, U. Buchwald, W. R. Jacobs Jr., and J. D. Ernst Potent Inhibition of Macrophage Responses to IFN-{gamma} by Live Virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Independent of Mature Mycobacterial Lipoproteins but Dependent on TLR2. J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 3019 - 3027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. D'Avila, R. C. N. Melo, G. G. Parreira, E. Werneck-Barroso, H. C. Castro-Faria-Neto, and P. T. Bozza Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Induces TLR2-Mediated Formation of Lipid Bodies: Intracellular Domains for Eicosanoid Synthesis In Vivo. J. Immunol., March 1, 2006; 176(5): 3087 - 3097. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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P. Massari, A. Visintin, J. Gunawardana, K. A. Halmen, C. A. King, D. T. Golenbock, and L. M. Wetzler Meningococcal Porin PorB Binds to TLR2 and Requires TLR1 for Signaling J. Immunol., February 15, 2006; 176(4): 2373 - 2380. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Hashimoto, K. Tawaratsumida, H. Kariya, K. Aoyama, T. Tamura, and Y. Suda Lipoprotein is a predominant Toll-like receptor 2 ligand in Staphylococcus aureus cell wall components Int. Immunol., February 1, 2006; 18(2): 355 - 362. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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C. M. O'Connell, I. A. Ionova, A. J. Quayle, A. Visintin, and R. R. Ingalls Localization of TLR2 and MyD88 to Chlamydia trachomatis Inclusions: EVIDENCE FOR SIGNALING BY INTRACELLULAR TLR2 DURING INFECTION WITH AN OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PATHOGEN J. Biol. Chem., January 20, 2006; 281(3): 1652 - 1659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W. Vermi, F. Facchetti, E. Riboldi, H. Heine, S. Scutera, S. Stornello, D. Ravarino, P. Cappello, M. Giovarelli, R. Badolato, et al. Role of dendritic cell-derived CXCL13 in the pathogenesis of Bartonella henselae B-rich granuloma Blood, January 15, 2006; 107(2): 454 - 462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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J. H. Fritz and S. E. Girardin How Toll-like receptors and Nod-like receptors contribute to innate immunity in mammals Innate Immunity, December 1, 2005; 11(6): 390 - 394. [Abstract] [PDF] |
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K. O. Omueti, J. M. Beyer, C. M. Johnson, E. A. Lyle, and R. I. Tapping Domain Exchange between Human Toll-like Receptors 1 and 6 Reveals a Region Required for Lipopeptide Discrimination J. Biol. Chem., November 4, 2005; 280(44): 36616 - 36625. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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