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*
Asthma Research Group, Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
Institute for Medical Sciences, Tokyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; and
John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australia
Recent studies have demonstrated an important role for
IL-5-dependent bone marrow eosinophil progenitors in allergic
inflammation. However, studies using anti-IL-5 mAbs in human
asthmatics have failed to suppress lower airway hyperresponsiveness
despite suppression of eosinophilia; therefore, it is critical to
examine the role of IL-5 and bone marrow responses in the pathogenesis
of allergic airway disease. To do this, we studied the effects of IL-5
deficiency (IL-5-/-) on bone marrow function as well as
clinical and local events, using an established experimental murine
model of allergic rhinitis. Age-matched IL-5+/+ and
IL-5-/- BALB/c mice were sensitized to OVA followed by 2
wk of daily OVA intranasal challenge. IL-5-/-
OVA-sensitized mice had significantly higher nasal mucosal
CD4+ cells and basophilic cell counts as well as nasal
symptoms and histamine hyperresponsiveness than the nonsensitized
group; however, there was no eosinophilia in either nasal mucosa or
bone marrow; significantly lower numbers of eosinophil/basophil CFU and
maturing CFU eosinophils in the presence of recombinant mouse IL-5 in
vitro; and significantly lower expression of IL-5R
on bone marrow
CD34+CD45+ progenitor cells in
IL-5-/- mice. These findings suggest that IL-5 is
required for normal bone marrow eosinophilopoiesis, in response to
specific Ag sensitization, during the development of experimental
allergic rhinitis. However, the results also suggest that suppression
of the IL-5-eosinophil pathway in this model of allergic rhinitis may
not completely suppress clinical symptoms or nasal histamine
hyperresponsiveness, because of the existence of other
cytokine-progenitor pathways that may induce and maintain the presence
of other inflammatory cell populations.
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