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The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 168: 977-980.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Association of Immunologists

Cutting Edge

Cutting Edge: Precursor Frequency Affects the Helper Dependence of Cytotoxic T Cells1

Justine D. Mintern*,{ddagger}, Gayle M. Davey*, Gabrielle T. Belz*, Francis R. Carbone{dagger} and William R. Heath2,*,{ddagger}

* Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, and {dagger} Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and {ddagger} Cooperative Research Center for Vaccine Technology, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia

Generation of CTL immunity often depends on the availability of CD4 T cell help. In this report, we show that CTL responses induced by cross-priming can be converted from CD4-dependent to CD4-independent by increasing the frequency of CTL precursors. In the absence of CD4 T cells, high numbers of CTL precursors were able to expand in number and become effector CTL. The ability of high frequencies of CD8 T cells to override help was not due to their ability to signal CD40 via expression of CD154. These findings suggest that when precursor frequencies are high, priming of CD8 T cell responses may not require CD4 T cell help.




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