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The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 168: 1466-1472.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Association of Immunologists

In Situ {beta} Cell Death Promotes Priming of Diabetogenic CD8 T Lymphocytes1

Yiqun Zhang*, Bronwyn O’Brien{ddagger}, Jacqueline Trudeau{dagger},{ddagger}, Rusung Tan{dagger}, Pere Santamaria§ and Jan P. Dutz2,*

Departments of * Medicine and {dagger} Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, British Columbia Research Institute of Children and Women’s Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; {ddagger} Department of Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada; and § Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

CTLs are important mediators of pancreatic {beta} cell destruction in the nonobese diabetic mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Cross-presentation of Ag is one means of priming CTLs. The death of Ag-bearing cells has been implicated in facilitating this mode of priming. The role of {beta} cell death in facilitating the onset of spontaneous autoimmune diabetes is unknown. Here, we used an adoptive transfer system to determine the time course of islet-derived Ag presentation to naive {beta} cell-specific CD8 T cells in nonobese diabetic mice and to test the hypothesis that {beta} cell death enhances the presentation of {beta} cell autoantigen. We have determined that {beta} cell death enhances autoantigen presentation. Priming of diabetogenic CD8 T cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes was negligible before 4 wk, progressively increased until 8 wk of age, and was not influenced by gender. Administration of multiple low doses of the {beta} cell toxin streptozotocin augmented in situ {beta} cell apoptosis and accelerated the onset and magnitude of autoantigen presentation to naive CD8 T cells. Increasing doses of streptozotocin resulted in both increased pancreatic {beta} cell death and significantly enhanced T cell priming. These results indicate that in situ {beta} cell death facilitates autoantigen-specific CD8 T cell priming and can contribute to both the initiation and the ongoing amplification of an autoimmune response.




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