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Departments of
* Antibacterials, Immunology, and Inflammation and
Drug Safety Evaluation, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, CT 06340
When challenged with extracellular ATP, leukocytes respond and
activate processes attributed to the P2X7 receptor
(P2X7R), an unusual ligand-gated ion channel. To prove
P2X7R involvement, blood samples from
P2X7R-deficient mice were characterized. Monocytes and
lymphocytes associated with wild-type blood responded to ATP and
underwent volume/shape changes and shed L-selectin. In contrast,
leukocytes from P2X7R-deficient animals demonstrated no
change in physical properties or L-selectin expression following ATP
challenge. Blood stimulated with LPS or ATP individually generated
minimal quantities of the leaderless polypeptide IL-1
, but
sequential treatment of wild-type, but not P2X7R-deficient,
blood with LPS and ATP yielded large amounts of cell-free cytokine.
Based on these differences, wild-type and P2X7R-deficient
animals were compared following induction of monoclonal
anti-collagen-induced arthritis. Ab-treated wild-type animals
subsequently challenged with LPS developed inflamed, swollen paws;
their joint cartilage demonstrated lesions, loss of proteoglycan
content, and the presence of collagen degradation products.
P2X7R-deficient animals subjected to the same challenge
were markedly less affected; both the incidence and severity of disease
were reduced. These data indicate that ATP does act via the
P2X7R to affect leukocyte function and that the
P2X7R can serve as an important component of an in vivo
inflammatory response.
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G. R. Dubyak Knock-Out Mice Reveal Tissue-Specific Roles of P2Y Receptor Subtypes in Different Epithelia Mol. Pharmacol., April 1, 2003; 63(4): 773 - 776. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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