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* Kan Research Institute, Kyoto, Japan;
Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Dental University, and
Department of Microbiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
Fractalkine/CX3C ligand 1 and its receptor CX3CR1 are known to
mediate both cell adhesion and cell migration. Here we show that CX3CR1
defines peripheral blood cytotoxic effector lymphocytes commonly armed
with intracellular perforin and granzyme B, which include NK cells,
T cells, and terminally differentiated CD8+ T cells.
In addition, soluble fractalkine preferentially induced migration of
cytotoxic effector lymphocytes. Furthermore, interaction of cytotoxic
effector lymphocytes with membrane-bound fractalkine promoted
subsequent migration to the secondary chemokines, such as macrophage
inflammatory protein-1
/CC ligand 4 or IL-8/CXC ligand 8. Thus,
fractalkine expressed on inflamed endothelium may function as a
vascular regulator for cytotoxic effector lymphocytes, regardless of
their lineage and mode of target cell recognition, through its ability
to capture them from blood flow and to promote their emigration in
response to other chemokines.
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S. Y. Thomas, R. Hou, J. E. Boyson, T. K. Means, C. Hess, D. P. Olson, J. L. Strominger, M. B. Brenner, J. E. Gumperz, S. B. Wilson, et al. CD1d-Restricted NKT Cells Express a Chemokine Receptor Profile Indicative of Th1-Type Inflammatory Homing Cells J. Immunol., September 1, 2003; 171(5): 2571 - 2580. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J.-Q. Gao, Y. Tsuda, K. Katayama, T. Nakayama, Y. Hatanaka, Y. Tani, H. Mizuguchi, T. Hayakawa, O. Yoshie, Y. Tsutsumi, et al. Antitumor Effect by Interleukin-11 Receptor {alpha}-Locus Chemokine/CCL27, Introduced into Tumor Cells through a Recombinant Adenovirus Vector Cancer Res., August 1, 2003; 63(15): 4420 - 4425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Gismondi, J. Jacobelli, R. Strippoli, F. Mainiero, A. Soriani, L. Cifaldi, M. Piccoli, L. Frati, and A. Santoni Proline-Rich Tyrosine Kinase 2 and Rac Activation by Chemokine and Integrin Receptors Controls NK Cell Transendothelial Migration J. Immunol., March 15, 2003; 170(6): 3065 - 3073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 K. Shimoya, Q. Zhang, K. Tenma, Y. Ota, K. Hashimoto, Y. Shizusawa, T. Kimura, M. Koyama, and Y. Murata Fractalkine (FRK) levels in amniotic fluid and its production during pregnancy Mol. Hum. Reprod., February 1, 2003; 9(2): 97 - 101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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