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The Journal of Immunology, 2002, 168: 5297-5302.
Copyright © 2002 by The American Association of Immunologists

Mast Cell-Derived TNF-{alpha} Primes Sensory Nerve Endings in a Pulmonary Hypersensitivity Reaction

Anneke H. van Houwelingen1, Mirjam Kool, Saskia C. A. de Jager, Frank A. M. Redegeld, Dicky van Heuven-Nolsen, Aletta D. Kraneveld and Frans P. Nijkamp

Department of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

TNF-{alpha} is a cytokine associated with inflammatory diseases, including asthma. Increased levels of TNF-{alpha} were found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice undergoing a dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced non-IgE-mediated pulmonary hypersensitivity reaction. We report in this work that TNF-{alpha} increases the susceptibility of sensory neurons to dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNS) and capsaicin, leading to a tracheal vascular hyperpermeability response in DNFB-sensitized and DNS-challenged mice. mAb against TNF-{alpha} or the TNFR1 inhibited this hyperpermeability response in DNFB-sensitized and DNS-challenged mice. Furthermore, the hyperpermeability response after DNS challenge was abolished in DNFB-sensitized mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/WV mice. These animals showed a remarked decrease of TNF-{alpha} bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels after a single DNS challenge. The hyperpermeability response after DNS challenge was regained in mast cell-deficient mice after mast cell reconstitution. These findings indicate a prominent role for TNF-{alpha} and its TNFR1 in the DNFB-induced tracheal hyperpermeability response. We propose that a priming effect of mast cell-derived TNF-{alpha} on the sensory neurons could be the mechanism of action of TNF-{alpha} in the vascular hyperpermeability response in tracheas of mice undergoing a pulmonary hypersensitivity reaction.




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