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Costimulation of Host T Lymphocytes by a Trypanosomal trans-Sialidase: Involvement of CD43 Signaling¹

Adriane R. Todeschini^2,*, Marise P. Nunes, Rachel S. Pires^*, Marcela F. Lopes^*, José O. Previato^*, Lúcia Mendonça-Previato^* and George A. DosReis^3,*

^* Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Trans-sialidase is a membrane-bound and shed sialidase from Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite responsible for Chagas disease. We investigated the role of soluble trans-sialidase on host CD4⁺ T cell activation. Trans-sialidase activated naive CD4⁺ T cells in vivo. Both enzymatically active and inactive recombinant trans-sialidases costimulated CD4⁺ T cell activation in vitro. Costimulation resulted in increased mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, proliferation, and cytokine synthesis. Furthermore, active and inactive trans-sialidases blocked activation-induced cell death in CD4⁺ T cells from T. cruzi-infected mice. By flow cytometry, inactive trans-sialidase bound the highly sialylated surface Ag CD43 on host CD4⁺ T cells. Both costimulatory and antiapoptotic effects of trans-sialidases required CD43 signaling. These results suggest that trans-sialidase family proteins are involved in exacerbated host T lymphocyte responses observed in T. cruzi infection.

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