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Section of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520;
Department of Entomology, Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504;
Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12201; and
L2 Diagnostics, New Haven, CT 06530
West Nile (WN) virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that emerged in the United States in 1999 and can cause fatal encephalitis. Envelope (E) protein cDNA from a WN virus isolate recovered from Culex pipiens in Connecticut was expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant E protein was purified and used as Ag in immunoblot assays and immunization experiments. Patients with WN virus infection had Abs that recognized the recombinant E protein. C3H/HeN mice immunized with E protein developed E protein Abs and were protected from infection with WN virus. Passive administration of E protein antisera was also sufficient to afford immunity. E protein is a candidate vaccine to prevent WN virus infection.
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