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The Journal of Immunology, 2001, 167: 3809-3817.
Copyright © 2001 by The American Association of Immunologists

Vitamin E-Enhanced IL-2 Production in Old Mice: Naive But Not Memory T Cells Show Increased Cell Division Cycling and IL-2-Producing Capacity1

Oskar Adolfsson*, Brigitte T. Huber{dagger} and Simin Nikbin Meydani2,*,{dagger}

* Nutritional Immunology Laboratory, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, and {dagger} Department of Pathology, Sackler Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111

Aging is associated with reduced T cell function, as demonstrated by decreased T cell proliferation and IL-2 production. These changes respond to supplemental vitamin E both in animals and humans, in part by the reduction of T cell suppressive PGE2, the production of which by macrophages is increased with age. To evaluate whether vitamin E has a direct PGE2-independent effect on T cell responses, T cells purified from the spleens of young and old mice were preincubated with vitamin E or vehicle control. Activation-induced cell division of T cells from old mice was lower than that by young, and the production of IL-2 following 48-h activation was less by T cells from old mice. There was an age-related decline in both the number of IL-2+ T cells and the amount of IL-2 produced per cell. Despite decreased IL-2 protein at 48 h, the expression of IL-2 mRNA at 6 h and IL-2 protein production at 6 and 16 h was greater by T cells from old mice compared with that of young. Age-related decline in cell division and IL-2 production at 48 h was only observed within the naive T cell subpopulation. Vitamin E increased both cell-dividing and IL-2-producing capacity of naive T cells from old mice, with no effect on memory T cells. These data indicate that naive T cells exhibit the greatest age-related defect and show for the first time that supplemental vitamin E has direct immunoenhancing effect on naive T cells from old mice.




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