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and IL-4 Is Present in the Intraepithelial Lymphoid Compartment of the Rat1 ,2
Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
The intestinal lymphoid compartment of the rat is large and
diverse, but the phenotype and functions of its constituent cell
populations are not fully characterized. Using new methodology for the
isolation and purification of rat intestinal intraepithelial
lymphocytes (IELs), we previously identified a population of 
-
and 
-TCR- NKR-P1A+ NK cells. These cells
were almost completely restricted to the
CD4-CD8- IEL population, and unlike
peripheral NK cells in the rat, they were CD2-. We now
report that rat intraepithelial NK (IENK) and peripheral NK cells are
similar in morphology, in their ability to lyse NK-sensitive targets,
and in their ability to suppress a one-way mixed lymphocyte culture. In
contrast, however, intraepithelial and splenic NK cells differ
markedly in two respects. First, IENK cells express high levels of
ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 (a marker of regulatory T cells in the rat)
and CD25, whereas peripheral NK cells do not. Second, unlike splenic NK
cells, a substantial fraction of IENK cells appear to spontaneously
secrete IL-4 and/or IFN-. We conclude that the rat IEL compartment
harbors a large population of NKR-P1A+CD3-
cells that function as NK cells but display an activated phenotype and
unusual cytokine profile that clearly distinguish them from splenic NK
cells. Their phenotypic and functional characteristics suggest that
these distinctive IENK cells may participate in the regulation of
mucosal immunity.
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