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*
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia; and
Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington School of Medicine, Wellington, New Zealand
An important subdivision of effector T cells can be made based on
patterns of cytokine production and functional programs. Type 1 T cells
produce IFN-
and protect against viral pathogens, whereas type 2
cells produce cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 and protect against large
extracellular parasites. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T
cells can be polarized into type 1 or type 2 cytokine-secreting cells,
suggesting that both populations play a regulatory role in immune
responses. In this study, we used high-density oligonucleotide arrays
to produce a comprehensive picture of gene expression in murine
CD4+ Th1 and Th2 cells, as well as CD8+ type 1
and type 2 T cells. Polarized type 1 and 2 cells transcribed mRNA for
an unexpectedly large number of genes, most of which were expressed in
a similar fashion between type 1 and type 2 cells. However, >100
differentially expressed genes were identified for both the
CD4+ and CD8+ type 1 and 2 subsets, many of
which have not been associated with T cell polarization. These genes
included cytokines, transcription factors, molecules involved in cell
migration, as well as genes with unknown function. The program for type
1 or type 2 polarization was similar for CD4+ and
CD8+ cells, since gene expression patterns were roughly the
same. The expression of select genes was confirmed using real-time PCR.
The identification of genes associated with T cell polarization may
give important insights into functional and phenotypic differences
between effector T cell subsets and their role in normal responses and
inflammatory disease.
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