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*
Departments of Immunology and Bacteriology, Western Infirmary, and
Centre for Rheumatic Diseases, Royal Infirmary, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
IL-18 expression and functional activity has been identified in
several autoimmune and infectious diseases. To clarify the potential
role of IL-18 during early innate immune responses, we have explored
the capacity of IL-18 to activate neutrophils. Human peripheral
blood-derived neutrophils constitutively expressed IL-18R (
and
)
commensurate with the capacity to rapidly respond to IL-18. IL-18
induced cytokine and chemokine release from neutrophils that was
protein synthesis dependent, up-regulated CD11b expression, induced
granule release, and enhanced the respiratory burst following exposure
to fMLP, but had no effect upon the rate of neutrophil apoptosis. The
capacity to release cytokine and chemokine was significantly enhanced
in neutrophils derived from rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid,
indicating differential responsiveness to IL-18 dependent upon prior
neutrophil activation in vivo. Finally, IL-18 administration promoted
neutrophil accumulation in vivo, whereas IL-18 neutralization
suppressed the severity of footpad inflammation following carrageenan
injection. The latter was accompanied by reduction in tissue
myeloperoxidase expression and suppressed local TNF-
production.
Together, these data define a novel role for IL-18 in activating
neutrophils and thereby promoting early innate immune
responses.
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