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Cutting Edge |
Production but Not Cytotoxicity by the Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptor KIR2DL4 (CD158d) in Resting NK Cells
Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852
Activated NK cells lyse tumor cells and virus-infected cells and
produce IFN-
upon contact with sensitive target cells. The
regulation of these effector responses in resting NK cells is not well
understood. We now describe a receptor, KIR2DL4, that has the unique
property of inducing IFN-
production, but not cytotoxicity, by
resting NK cells in the absence of cytokines. In contrast, the NK
cell-activation receptors CD16 and 2B4 induced cytotoxicity but not
IFN-
production. The induction by KIR2DL4 of IFN-
production by
resting NK cells was blocked by an inhibitor of the p38
mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, in contrast to the
IL-2-induced IFN-
secretion that was sensitive to inhibition of the
extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase
pathway. These results reveal a functional dichotomy (cytokine
production vs cytotoxicity) in the response of resting NK cells, as
dictated by the signals of individual
receptors.
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