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*
Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and
Department of Adult Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
Thymectomy in mice on neonatal day 3 leads to the development of multiorgan autoimmune disease due to loss of a CD+CD25+ T cell regulatory population in their peripheral lymphoid tissues. Here, we report the identification of a CD4+ population of regulatory T cells in the circulation of humans expressing high levels of CD25 that exhibit in vitro characteristics identical with those of the CD4+CD25+ regulatory cells isolated in mice. With TCR cross-linking, CD4+CD25high cells did not proliferate but instead totally inhibited proliferation and cytokine secretion by activated CD4+CD25- responder T cells in a contact-dependent manner. The CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells expressed high levels of CD45RO but not CD45RA, akin to the expression of CD45RBlow on murine CD4+CD25+ regulatory cells. Increasing the strength of signal by providing either costimulation with CD28 cross-linking or the addition of IL-2 to a maximal anti-CD3 stimulus resulted in a modest induction of proliferation and the loss of observable suppression in cocultures of CD4+CD25high regulatory cells and CD4+CD25- responder cells. Whereas higher ratios of CD4+CD25high T cells are required to suppress proliferation if the PD-L1 receptor is blocked, regulatory cell function is shown to persist in the absence of the PD-1/PD-L1 or CTLA-4/B7 pathway. Thus, regulatory CD4 T cells expressing high levels of the IL-2 receptor are present in humans, providing the opportunity to determine whether alterations of these populations of T cells are involved in the induction of human autoimmune disorders.
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J. Bayry, F. Triebel, S. V. Kaveri, and D. F. Tough Human Dendritic Cells Acquire a Semimature Phenotype and Lymph Node Homing Potential through Interaction with CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells J. Immunol., April 1, 2007; 178(7): 4184 - 4193. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. Mor, D. Planer, G. Luboshits, A. Afek, S. Metzger, T. Chajek-Shaul, G. Keren, and J. George Role of Naturally Occurring CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Experimental Atherosclerosis Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, April 1, 2007; 27(4): 893 - 900. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 S. A. Siddiqui, X. Frigola, S. Bonne-Annee, M. Mercader, S. M. Kuntz, A. E. Krambeck, S. Sengupta, H. Dong, J. C. Cheville, C. M. Lohse, et al. Tumor-Infiltrating Foxp3-CD4+CD25+ T Cells Predict Poor Survival in Renal Cell Carcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2007; 13(7): 2075 - 2081. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Noris, F. Casiraghi, M. Todeschini, P. Cravedi, D. Cugini, G. Monteferrante, S. Aiello, L. Cassis, E. Gotti, F. Gaspari, et al. Regulatory T Cells and T Cell Depletion: Role of Immunosuppressive Drugs J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2007; 18(3): 1007 - 1018. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. I. Garin, C.-C. Chu, D. Golshayan, E. Cernuda-Morollon, R. Wait, and R. I. Lechler Galectin-1: a key effector of regulation mediated by CD4+CD25+ T cells Blood, March 1, 2007; 109(5): 2058 - 2065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. Kinter, J. McNally, L. Riggin, R. Jackson, G. Roby, and A. S. Fauci Suppression of HIV-specific T cell activity by lymph node CD25+ regulatory T cells from HIV-infected individuals PNAS, February 27, 2007; 104(9): 3390 - 3395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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X. Valencia, C. Yarboro, G. Illei, and P. E. Lipsky Deficient CD4+CD25high T Regulatory Cell Function in Patients with Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus J. Immunol., February 15, 2007; 178(4): 2579 - 2588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Kekalainen, H. Tuovinen, J. Joensuu, M. Gylling, R. Franssila, N. Pontynen, K. Talvensaari, J. Perheentupa, A. Miettinen, and T. P. Arstila A Defect of Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy J. Immunol., January 15, 2007; 178(2): 1208 - 1215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 H Keino, M Takeuchi, Y Usui, T Hattori, N Yamakawa, T Kezuka, J-I Sakai, and M Usui Supplementation of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppresses experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis Br J Ophthalmol, January 1, 2007; 91(1): 105 - 110. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Battaglia, A. Stabilini, B. Migliavacca, J. Horejs-Hoeck, T. Kaupper, and M.-G. Roncarolo Rapamycin Promotes Expansion of Functional CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Regulatory T Cells of Both Healthy Subjects and Type 1 Diabetic Patients J. Immunol., December 15, 2006; 177(12): 8338 - 8347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Hoffmann, R. Eder, T. J. Boeld, K. Doser, B. Piseshka, R. Andreesen, and M. Edinger Only the CD45RA+ subpopulation of CD4+CD25high T cells gives rise to homogeneous regulatory T-cell lines upon in vitro expansion Blood, December 15, 2006; 108(13): 4260 - 4267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. Tuovinen, J. T. Salminen, and T. P. Arstila Most human thymic and peripheral-blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells express 2 T-cell receptors Blood, December 15, 2006; 108(13): 4063 - 4070. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. Yang In Reply J. Clin. Oncol., December 1, 2006; 24(34): 5470 - 5471. [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Zhu, F. Ji, Y. Wang, Y. Zhang, Q. Liu, J. Z. Zhang, K. Matsushima, Q. Cao, and Y. Zhang Synovial Autoreactive T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis Resist IDO-Mediated Inhibition J. Immunol., December 1, 2006; 177(11): 8226 - 8233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. M. Miller, K. Lundberg, V. Ozenci, A. H. Banham, M. Hellstrom, L. Egevad, and P. Pisa CD4+CD25high T Cells Are Enriched in the Tumor and Peripheral Blood of Prostate Cancer Patients J. Immunol., November 15, 2006; 177(10): 7398 - 7405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. Mor, G. Luboshits, D. Planer, G. Keren, and J. George Altered status of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in patients with acute coronary syndromes Eur. Heart J., November 1, 2006; 27(21): 2530 - 2537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. A. Cavassani, A. P. Campanelli, A. P. Moreira, J. O. Vancim, L. H. Vitali, R. C. Mamede, R. Martinez, and J. S. Silva Systemic and Local Characterization of Regulatory T Cells in a Chronic Fungal Infection in Humans J. Immunol., November 1, 2006; 177(9): 5811 - 5818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z.-W. Xia, W.-W. Zhong, L.-Q. Xu, J.-L. Sun, Q.-X. Shen, J.-G. Wang, J. Shao, Y.-Z. Li, and S.-C. Yu Heme Oxygenase-1-Mediated CD4+CD25high Regulatory T Cells Suppress Allergic Airway Inflammation J. Immunol., November 1, 2006; 177(9): 5936 - 5945. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A Suarez, P Lopez, J Gomez, and C Gutierrez Enrichment of CD4+ CD25high T cell population in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with glucocorticoids Ann Rheum Dis, November 1, 2006; 65(11): 1512 - 1517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. Bernasconi, R. Marino, A. Ribas, J. Rossi, M. Ciaccio, M. Oleastro, A. Ornani, R. Paz, M. A. Rivarola, M. Zelazko, et al. Characterization of Immunodeficiency in a Patient With Growth Hormone Insensitivity Secondary to a Novel STAT5b Gene Mutation Pediatrics, November 1, 2006; 118(5): e1584 - e1592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Hirahara, L. Liu, R. A. Clark, K.-i. Yamanaka, R. C. Fuhlbrigge, and T. S. Kupper The Majority of Human Peripheral Blood CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ Regulatory T Cells Bear Functional Skin-Homing Receptors J. Immunol., October 1, 2006; 177(7): 4488 - 4494. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Lopez, M. R. Clarkson, M. Albin, M. H. Sayegh, and N. Najafian A Novel Mechanism of Action for Anti-Thymocyte Globulin: Induction of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2006; 17(10): 2844 - 2853. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. A. Lawson, A. K. Brown, V. Bejarano, S. H. Douglas, C. H. Burgoyne, A. S. Greenstein, A. W. Boylston, P. Emery, F. Ponchel, and J. D. Isaacs Early rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a deficit in the CD4+CD25high regulatory T cell population in peripheral blood Rheumatology, October 1, 2006; 45(10): 1210 - 1217. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Lizee, L. G. Radvanyi, W. W. Overwijk, and P. Hwu Improving Antitumor Immune Responses by Circumventing Immunoregulatory Cells and Mechanisms. Clin. Cancer Res., August 15, 2006; 12(16): 4794 - 4803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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