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*
Department Pathology and Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;
Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology, Sydney, Australia;
Division of Developmental Immunology, La Jolla Institute of Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA 92121; and
Department of Microbiology, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
CD1d-restricted V
14-J281 invariant 
TCR+
(NKT) cells are well defined in the C57BL/6 mouse strain, but
they remain poorly characterized in non-NK1.1-expressing strains.
Surrogate markers for NKT cells such as
TCR+CD4-CD8- and
DX5+CD3+ have been used in many studies,
although their effectiveness in defining this lineage remains to be
verified. Here, we compare NKT cells among C57BL/6, NK1.1-congenic
BALB/c, and NK1.1-congenic nonobese diabetic mice. NKT cells were
identified and compared using a range of approaches: NK1.1 expression,
surrogate phenotypes used in previous studies, labeling with
CD1d/-galactosylceramide tetramers, and cytokine production. Our
results demonstrate that NKT cells and their CD4/CD8-defined subsets
are present in all three strains, and confirm that nonobese diabetic
mice have a numerical and functional deficiency in these cells. We also
highlight the hazards of using surrogate phenotypes, none of which
accurately identify NKT cells, and one in particular
(DX5+CD3+) actually excludes these cells.
Finally, our results support the concept that NK1.1 expression may not
be an ideal marker for CD1d-restricted NKT cells, many of which are
NK1.1-negative, especially within the CD4+ subset and
particularly in NK1.1-congenic BALB/c mice.
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S. Sidobre, K. J. L. Hammond, L. Benazet-Sidobre, S. D. Maltsev, S. K. Richardson, R. M. Ndonye, A. R. Howell, T. Sakai, G. S. Besra, S. A. Porcelli, et al. The T cell antigen receptor expressed by V{alpha}14i NKT cells has a unique mode of glycosphingolipid antigen recognition PNAS, August 17, 2004; 101(33): 12254 - 12259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Nagayama, K. Watanabe, M. Niwa, S. M. McLachlan, and B. Rapoport Schistosoma mansoni and {alpha}-Galactosylceramide: Prophylactic Effect of Th1 Immune Suppression in a Mouse Model of Graves' Hyperthyroidism J. Immunol., August 1, 2004; 173(3): 2167 - 2173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Falcone, F. Facciotti, N. Ghidoli, P. Monti, S. Olivieri, L. Zaccagnino, E. Bonifacio, G. Casorati, F. Sanvito, and N. Sarvetnick Up-Regulation of CD1d Expression Restores the Immunoregulatory Function of NKT Cells and Prevents Autoimmune Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice J. Immunol., May 15, 2004; 172(10): 5908 - 5916. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. K. Stanic, J. S. Bezbradica, J.-J. Park, N. Matsuki, A. L. Mora, L. Van Kaer, M. R. Boothby, and S. Joyce NF-{kappa}B Controls Cell Fate Specification, Survival, and Molecular Differentiation of Immunoregulatory Natural T Lymphocytes J. Immunol., February 15, 2004; 172(4): 2265 - 2273. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Yang, A. Ueno, M. Bao, Z. Wang, J. S. Im, S. Porcelli, and J.-W. Yoon Control of NKT Cell Differentiation by Tissue-Specific Microenvironments J. Immunol., December 1, 2003; 171(11): 5913 - 5920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Y. Crowe, A. P. Uldrich, K. Kyparissoudis, K. J. L. Hammond, Y. Hayakawa, S. Sidobre, R. Keating, M. Kronenberg, M. J. Smyth, and D. I. Godfrey Glycolipid Antigen Drives Rapid Expansion and Sustained Cytokine Production by NK T Cells J. Immunol., October 15, 2003; 171(8): 4020 - 4027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. Matsuki, A. K. Stanic, M. E. Embers, L. Van Kaer, L. Morel, and S. Joyce Genetic Dissection of V{alpha}14J{alpha}18 Natural T Cell Number and Function in Autoimmune-Prone Mice J. Immunol., June 1, 2003; 170(11): 5429 - 5437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. L. Williams, A. J. Zullo, M. H. Kaplan, R. R. Brutkiewicz, C. D. Deppmann, C. Vinson, and E. J. Taparowsky BATF Transgenic Mice Reveal a Role for Activator Protein-1 in NKT Cell Development J. Immunol., March 1, 2003; 170(5): 2417 - 2426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 V. J. Cavanaugh, Y. Deng, M. P. Birkenbach, J. S. Slater, and A. E. Campbell Vigorous Innate and Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses to Murine Cytomegalovirus in the Submaxillary Salivary Gland J. Virol., February 1, 2003; 77(3): 1703 - 1717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. P. Berzins, E. S. Venanzi, C. Benoist, and D. Mathis T-Cell Compartments of Prediabetic NOD Mice Diabetes, February 1, 2003; 52(2): 327 - 334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Wolfe, C. Asseman, A. Hughes, H. Matsue, A. Takashima, and M. G. von Herrath Reduction of Antiviral CD8 Lymphocytes In Vivo with Dendritic Cells Expressing Fas Ligand--Increased Survival of Viral (Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus) Central Nervous System Infection J. Immunol., November 1, 2002; 169(9): 4867 - 4872. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Gadue and P. L. Stein NK T Cell Precursors Exhibit Differential Cytokine Regulation and Require Itk for Efficient Maturation J. Immunol., September 1, 2002; 169(5): 2397 - 2406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Shen and M. H. Kaplan The Homeostasis But Not the Differentiation of T Cells Is Regulated by p27Kip1 J. Immunol., July 15, 2002; 169(2): 714 - 721. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. W. Jahng, I. Maricic, B. Pedersen, N. Burdin, O. Naidenko, M. Kronenberg, Y. Koezuka, and V. Kumar Activation of Natural Killer T Cells Potentiates or Prevents Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis J. Exp. Med., December 17, 2001; 194(12): 1789 - 1799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. K. Singh, M. T. Wilson, S. Hong, D. Olivares-Villagomez, C. Du, A. K. Stanic, S. Joyce, S. Sriram, Y. Koezuka, and L. Van Kaer Natural Killer T Cell Activation Protects Mice Against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis J. Exp. Med., December 17, 2001; 194(12): 1801 - 1811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. G. Pellicci, K. J.L. Hammond, A. P. Uldrich, A. G. Baxter, M. J. Smyth, and D. I. Godfrey A Natural Killer T (NKT) Cell Developmental Pathway Involving a Thymus-dependent NK1.1-CD4+ CD1d-dependent Precursor Stage J. Exp. Med., March 25, 2002; 195(7): 835 - 844. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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