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Centre d’Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Unité Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicalé, Unité 547, Institut Pasteur, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
Fc
RI expressed by human eosinophils is involved in
IgE-mediated cytotoxicity reactions toward the parasite
Schistosoma mansoni in vitro. However, because receptor
expression is low on these cells, its functional role is still
controversial. In this study, we have measured surface and
intracellular expression of FcRI by blood eosinophils from
hypereosinophilic patients and normal donors. The number of unoccupied
receptors corresponded to 
4,500 Ab binding sites per cell, whereas
50,000 Ab binding sites per cell were detected intracellularly.
Eosinophils from patients displayed significantly more unoccupied
receptors than cells from normal donors. This number correlated to both
serum IgE concentrations and to membrane-bound IgE. The lack of FcRI
expression by mouse eosinophils has hampered further studies. To
overcome this fact and experimentally confirm our findings on human
eosinophils, we engineered IL-5 x hFcRI
double-transgenic
mice, whose bone marrow, blood, spleen, and peritoneal eosinophils
expressed FcRI levels similar to levels of human eosinophils, after
4 days culture with IgE in the presence of IL-5. Both human and mouse
eosinophils were able to secrete IL-10 upon FcRI engagement. Thus,
comparative analysis of cells from patients and from a relevant animal
model allowed us to clearly demonstrate that FcRI-mediated
eosinophil activation leads to IL-10 secretion. Through FcRI
expression, these cells are able to contribute to both the regulation
of the immune response and to its effector
mechanisms.
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